Quote from Technician:
If no one prints money and no one takes money out (US, or world as a whole), then it's zero sum right?
How is wealth created and where does growth come from? Commodities?
I guess what I'm asking is, how does money actually work?
To follow the neoclassical Solow model, 2/3's of all growth is due to technology, and the other one third is devoted to increasing the capital stock of the country, including construction of manufacturing factories, machines, and other items created to enhance the quality of life in a country. Wealth is created through increased productivity, and any investment that allows labor to be more productive leads to an increase in wealth. The capital that aids the labor is traded off for more favorable technology eventually, but in the short run, fixed, though that doesn't change that there was virtually no capital, wealth, or middle class until mercantilism was ended, government control of food supplies became unnecessary, and the people were able to lead self-sufficient lifestyles through basic necessities as running water, heat, electricity, and the foundations of basic rights from civil to property.
All these are set into motion to create an environment conducive to the acquisition of capital and the creation of wealth.