Quote from Avid_Consumer:
could you also say that in a mature economy with a naturally slowing rate of growth, fractional reserve lending results in malinvestment and wealth concentration, rather than real sustainable economic growth?
I disagree.. consider that there's no theoretical or practical limit yet evident in the extent of our current technology. Moore's Law is holding. Quantum computing looks promising, nuclear fusion is on the horizon, medical science is as advanced as it's ever been and advancing still further...
Economic value growth is directly tied to technology, and fractional reserve banking directly drives technological development. That value growth is slowing now is because of greed and the desire to concentrate wealth, a desire to keep the technology locked up in the hands of a few rather than share the windfall. There seems to be a deeply embedded philosophy in our culture that if you don't spend 8 hours (minimum) each day doing "work" (loosely defined), you're not pulling your weight and don't deserve a happy life.
The fundamental question is, with more technology to do work and produce value, do we all want to work less or have everyone working the same amount and have massive inflation (because of unpaid machine labor)?
We keep inventing ever more sophisticated robots to work for us. They make value, and that value concentrates in the hands of their owners. At some point, we have to get over the Protestant work ethic and say enough is enough, we're all just going to work less and enjoy the fruits of our technology. (This has already happened to some extent, with novel innovations like the "weekend" slowly creeping into society.)
Fractional reserve lending is one key component of allowing ever more sophisticated technology to develop, which translates into less and less actual work for humans to do. There is no techological reason why technical growth has to slow right now in our "mature" economy - with nuclear power and computers, we could have completely automated and clean food production in 20 or 30 years. Food would be free. Not cheap; free.
But that goes against the deeply ingrained idea that everyone has to be working constantly in order to not be a freeloader...