By Ewan McMurry
Thanks to Right-Wing Lobbying, We're Teaching a Generation of Kids to Doubt Science and History
Textbooks are one of the most vulnerable battlegrounds of the right-wing culture wars.
When high school students in Scottsdale’s Gilbert Public Schools open their biology textbooks this year, they may find something missing: an entire page on pregnancy options.
Such was the decision of the Gilbert Public School Board, which voted 3-2 last week
to “edit” an Honors biology textbook to bring it into accordance with a two-year old law requiring all education materials in the state to "
promot[e] childbirth and adoption over elective abortion." The biology textbook in question isn’t a sex-ed coursebook, and it actually presented a survey of options from abstinence to abortofacients, but lawmakers didn’t seem too bothered by the details: the purpose of Arizona’s textbook law was to create situations just like this one, and the joy at finally being able to implement it was palpable.
"Since the change in this law was relatively recent, we are likely the first school board to proactively ensure that the legislative intent is being enforced," the board’s president said.
The ease with which a school board in Arizona edited student’s biology education, with the blessing of a state legislature, highlights textbooks as one of the most vulnerable battlegrounds of the right-wing culture wars. Allergic to controversy, school districts are extraordinarily susceptible to complaints, just a few of which can come to seem like a deluge. School boards members are often elected in dismally low-turnout elections, ceding control to a tiny sliver of the local populace, which places them at the mercy of right wing advocacy groups like the one that pushed the Arizona changes.
Students have few ways to fight back. Most of the time either the decision-making is too remote or the changes are too obscure to compel action against the school boards. Moreover student advocacy tends to focus much more on the fiscal and economic sides of higher education, namely the price tag of a college education and the crushing debt that results. Even when the discussion is narrowed to textbooks, their exorbitant costs are often more of an issue than the content being paid for. The result is a select and extreme portion can tamper with textbooks with next to no resistance.
In one town in Colorado this fall, however, that changed, when a nexus of students, teachers, and parents protested changes to the AP history curriculum in Columbine High School, and achieved results.
The contretemps came after College Board's Advanced Placement Program released new guidelines for the AP History exam that enraged conservatives who thought it was anti-American. The changes were lambasted by the Republican National Committee and conservative upstart Ben Carson warned, with characteristic hyperbole, they would make students "
sign up for ISIS."
The Jefferson County School Board finally took the talking-point bait, approving instead curriculum guidelines that emphasized “positive aspects of the United States and its heritage,” including “benefits of the free enterprise system, respect for authority and respect for individual rights” and didn’t “encourage or condone civil disorder, social strife or disregard of the law.”
Teachers and students across the entire school district rebelled, accusing the school board of censorship and revisionism. Several hundred students and an overwhelming majority of teachers in two high schools staged two separate walkouts to protest the changes, causing the school district to cancel classes. (As more than one person pointed out, they were very much enacting the civil disobedience the school board was trying to erase.)
The protests drew widespread attention to the school board’s actions, which began to seem retrograde in the harsh light of the national media. It also got the attention of the College Board itself, which publicly
supported the protests, saying in a statement that any course that “censors essential concepts from an Advanced Placement course, that course can no longer bear the ‘AP’ designation.”
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