here is just the beginning of his bio on the site.
he created that impossible triangle.
Born in
Colchester, Essex, England, Roger Penrose is a son of psychiatrist and mathematician
Lionel Penrose and Margaret Leathes,
[2] and the grandson of the
physiologist John Beresford Leathes. His uncle was artist
Roland Penrose, whose son with photographer
Lee Miller is
Antony Penrose. Penrose is the brother of mathematician
Oliver Penrose and of
chess Grandmaster Jonathan Penrose. Penrose attended
University College School and
University College, London, where he graduated with a first class degree in mathematics. In 1955, while still a student, Penrose reintroduced the
E. H. Moore generalised matrix inverse, also known as the
Moore–Penrose inverse,
[3] after it had been reinvented by
Arne Bjerhammar (1951). Penrose earned his PhD at
Cambridge (
St John's College) in 1958, writing a thesis on "tensor methods in algebraic geometry" under algebraist and geometer
John A. Todd. He devised and popularised the
Penrose triangle in the 1950s, describing it as "impossibility in its purest form" and exchanged material with the artist
M. C. Escher, whose earlier depictions of impossible objects partly inspired it. Escher's
Waterfall, and
Ascending and Descending were in turn inspired by Penrose. As reviewer Manjit Kumar puts it:
As a student in 1954, Penrose was attending a conference in Amsterdam when by chance he came across an exhibition of Escher's work. Soon he was trying to conjure up impossible figures of his own and discovered the
tri-bar – a triangle that looks like a real, solid three-dimensional object, but isn't. Together with his father, a physicist and mathematician, Penrose went on to design a staircase that simultaneously loops up and down. An article followed and a copy was sent to Escher. Completing a cyclical flow of creativity, the Dutch master of geometrical illusions was inspired to produce his two masterpieces.
[4]
In 1965, at Cambridge, Penrose proved that
singularities (such as
black holes) could be formed from the gravitational collapse of immense, dying
stars.
[5] This work was extended by Hawking to prove the
Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems.
....