You can derive a historical probability of an event x happening in the market from looking at history. However, since the distribution is not stationary i.e. it is not like roulette, your derived probability is subject to error in the future. This is how, for example, Long Term Capital Management destroyed themselves, by using historical data that since something had not happened before, there was no chance of it happening in the future.
Very well put!
Perhaps LTCM also encountered two other unexpected/ untested critical factors:
Cornering the markets unknowingly, and Reflexivity by the unified actions from other major competing players.
Just 2 cents!
