Usually dividend schedule and dividend dates are more or less known way in advance.sle, in your experience does the lowering of the call value (and raising of the put value) mostly effect the nearest expiry to ex-dividend? I'm not sure I'd expect an option over 2 months out to be that sensitive to a near-term ex-dividend date.
Or do you mean if a company suddenly announced a dividend or changed the amount? That, from options pricing perspective, be equivalent to the stock price dropping by that exact amount. So all options would be effected roughly by the amount of their delta. IRL, however, when this happens the div change propagates through the whole curve (e.g. if the company raised their div by 15c unexpectedly, all further divs will be changed too) and longer dated options will be effected more. Not only that, but also MMs will probably mark the dividend growth at more conservative levels too.