UPDATE: Nasdaq CEO: Proposed Transaction Tax Will Hurt Growth
By Darrell A. Hughes and Jacob Bunge
Of DOW JONES NEWSWIRES
http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20100121-713069.html?mod=WSJ_latestheadlines
WASHINGTON (Dow Jones)--Nasdaq Chief Executive Bob Greifeld, on Thursday, said a proposed transaction tax will stifle investor activity, the creation of jobs and potentially lead to lackluster economic growth.
"Rather than encouraging capital formation, these proposals would damage our equity and ownership culture," Greifeld said at a press conference, adding that "past efforts to tax the functioning of the markets have failed."
The proposal, backed by Rep. Peter DeFazio, (D., Ore.) last month, is aimed at charging investors for trading stocks, futures, swaps and other financial products. Similar legislation was introduced by Sen. Tom Harkin (D., Iowa) in late November.
Such a tax had been floated by lawmakers and policy groups as one way to pay for proposed financial regulation and health-care reforms.
Greifeld said such tax should be implemented in situations where there is an asset bubble or over-heated economy, neither of which has taken place in the U.S. Lawmakers want to institute the tax to raise revenue, the executive said.
Greifeld said he planned to meet with Democrat and Republican lawmakers on Thursday to discuss various financial reform proposals, including the transaction-tax idea.
In the third quarter of 2009, about 30% of Nasdaq's net revenue came from transaction-related fees.
During the press conference, Greifeld spoke of the various impacts a transaction tax can have on markets. Sweden introduced a 1% tax in 1984, but later doubled it, causing its volume of shares traded circa 1990 to slip more than 50%, Greifeld said. He also mentioned moves in 2007 made by China to triple its 0.1% transaction tax. However, that action stemmed from concern that the Chinese markets were overheating. Still, Greifeld said "the markets fell by 6.9% in only a few hours."
From a domestic standpoint, the idea has sparked fears among the financial services industry that trade would flow to overseas markets, badly damaging liquidity for U.S. investors. The transaction-tax idea has drawn sharp criticism from exchange operators, market participants and academics.
Obama administration officials, including Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner, are seen as cool to the idea of a tax on trading. From abroad, the proposed tax has support, particularly from some in Europe, including the German Chancellor Angela Merkel, who signaled support for the idea.
Additionally, Greifeld reiterated a call for securities regulators to scrutinize the role of dark pools--private venues in which institutional investors execute trades anonymously--in the process of price discovery. Like other exchange executives, Greifeld expressed concern that a growing percentage of business transacted off-exchange could make on-exchange, public prices less reliable.
"There is a tipping point beyond where darkness which does not contribute to price discovery can harm the markets, reduce liquidity, and distort the pricing process that should instead offer fair and equal access to all market participants," he said.
Greifeld did note that dark pools can improve liquidity for stocks that are infrequently traded on public markets, with dealer-run venues boosting trading activity in these names by 25%.