The future pension liability is very well accounted for. It will take only two more cents on the dollar earned to assure nominal Soc. Sec. pension trust fund soundness into the foreseeable future. But the separate disability trust fund is not in quite as good shape.
The problem for future Social Security pensioners is this: There is too little revenue to pay the Trust fund what it is owed. Consequently the difference will have to be borrowed, and some of that debt will surely be monetized. Consequently inflation will eat into pensioners buying power. This is because, even though S.S. is indexed to inflation and the S.S. actuaries take inflation into account, the government cheats to some extent on the actual inflation rate; thus cheating pensioners. The main factor, however, that threatens the soundness of social security, besides heavy government deficits, is the risk that the government will look increasingly to pensions for tax revenue. Those in upper tax brackets may find that eventually their entire social security payment is subject to taxation as regular income. Taxing social security is already being phased in, and only for the lowest income pensioners are the payments tax free. Then too, medicare contributions are not protected the way social security contributions are, and that, together with run-a-way medical costs, threatens future social security payments, as we now deduct medicare payments from social security checks. And that is only going to get worse.
Over a working lifetime, most of us pay enough into medicare that if the funds were invested at ~6% there would be enough to cover our medical expenses in old age, in spite of absurdly high U.S. medical expenses. However medicare contributions are not protected and invested as they should be.
So while Social Security was a beautifully planned safety net , the original planners could not foresee, and thus not account for, the peripheral events that threaten the value of Social Security going forward.
Three actions, if taken soon, would reduce the threat to Social Security. One would be to protect medicare funds the same way social security funds are protected, and invest the contributions, as social security contributions are invested. Another would be to bring military spending in line with that of other developed nations. And a third action that is needed now is to increase the contribution rate by about two cents per earned income dollar. (See the most recent Social Security Administration Summary Report for details.) And, if somehow medical costs could be brought in line with those in other advanced nations, that would be icing on the cake.
Needless to say, Wall Street, the origin of much Social Security misinformation, has worked tirelessly to kill Social Security. They may well succeed.
Forget welfare, foreign aid, pork barrel projects, and all the myriad of other government expenditures including entitlements, it is irrationally high military and medical expenditures, payed for with borrowed money, that is none too slowly bankrupting the United States.