(Durant review continued)
Because we live, supposedly, in an enlightened age (the September 11th events in New York, Washington DC, and Pennsylvania may suggest otherwise), we are free to examine our beliefs prior to invoking the assumption of validity (where such assumption is renamed "faith" by religious traditions). What is the best way to approach this? By beginning your inquiries by not assuming at the offset that a religious text is true (or infallible, inerrant, or divinely inspired) simply because the text itself claims to be true (or infallible, inerrant, or divinely inspired), you enforce a neutrality neither predetermined nor indoctrinated by religious assumption, tradition, or cultural prejudice. An assumption of truth (or infallibility, inerrancy, divine inspiration) at the offset will twist and distort every examination and argument following to fit and prove the assumption. If you know the Bible is the Word of God only because you can quote from it to prove it the Word of God, or quote prophecies from it to prove prophecies are fulfilled, or quote supernatural events to prove the supernatural, or quote third-person witnesses from it to prove witnesses existed, everything you're quoting is based on the assumption that what you're quoting is valid and true. The Muslim can assume the same thing about the Koran, the Latter-day Saint about the Book of Mormon, the Hindu about the Upanishads, etc. The ability to quote does not automatically herald truth. What is quoted must stand up to concentrated scrutiny, to reason, the mechanics of the real world, the historical perspective and influences of the time, etc, and without supernatural assumptions going in. Extraordinary claims demand extraordinary evidence. Simply quoting the source to prove the source is an assumption bordering on a distinct and perverse pathology.
It is not enough to simply parrot what you believe by way of creed or article of faith or to merely recite without comprehension the often error-prone English translation of long disused languages. Each religion is but a small piece in a very large and intricate puzzle, and the fundamentalists, in refusing to look at the other pieces, even unaware that many other pieces exist, miss out on celebrating the larger diorama that comes with hard work and diligence and industry and exploratory knowledge. And yet it is these very fundamentalists who believe they know god's will, god's plan, and god's design for mankind simply by assuming the validity of their one piece of the puzzle while refusing to acknowledge all the other pieces scattered about the table.
Still, when it comes to religion, ideology, or claims of the paranormal, a great many people will happily avoid making any serious inquiries or exploring critical evidence in order to entertain beliefs that are wholly unfounded, misguided, or outright impossible. They can readily tell you who and what they believe, they just can't tell you how or why, the implication being that the object of belief has become more important than the motive impelling belief, a compulsion that somehow overrides one's sincere obligation to confirm claims beyond surreptitious sidestepping or the disregard of physical reality.
While people may be loathe in admitting that their beliefs are motivated, it is only because the physiological and psychological kinetics of the belief process go unrecognized or are deliberately neglected. This is certainly understandable, given human nature. Harboring a belief is easy. It's effortless. It requires no exertion and urges no proof. Simple acknowledgment is all it takes and you're free to believe any outrageous thing you'd like. Truth seeking, as I've said before, is a different beast entirely. Seeking truth is hard work. It takes time. It takes energy. It takes a lifelong commitment. And above all else, it runs the risk of dismantling cherished beliefs while demanding a keen and piercing mindful honesty. Unless you're willing to be honest with yourself and admit your own biases and prejudices, hopes and wishes, phobias and fears, assumptions, preconceptions, ignorance and inexperience, you are not seeking truth but only ways to continue serving and preserving your own insulated belief system. To a truth-seeker this simply will not do, having conceded striving and suffering after truth a more irresistible vocation then working to perpetuate those creature comforts awarded by untested belief. For the sake of truth, the seeker is willing to sacrifice it all, even those placating promises of eternal life, and embrace the undying fires of hell. If God exists and condemns critical thinking and rational inquiry as immoral and ungodly, then the truth-seeker has no other recourse than to find a haven in hell, if not a heaven.
Andrew Benson's book is a great introduction to begin research in this field, but be forewarned. There are so many paths that will open up due to this research that you will find yourself looking down ten thousand other avenues of inquiry. Are you prepared to do the work, begin the journey, take that first step? It all matters on how dedicated you are in discovering truth as to merely fortifying your subjective beliefs.
Because we live, supposedly, in an enlightened age (the September 11th events in New York, Washington DC, and Pennsylvania may suggest otherwise), we are free to examine our beliefs prior to invoking the assumption of validity (where such assumption is renamed "faith" by religious traditions). What is the best way to approach this? By beginning your inquiries by not assuming at the offset that a religious text is true (or infallible, inerrant, or divinely inspired) simply because the text itself claims to be true (or infallible, inerrant, or divinely inspired), you enforce a neutrality neither predetermined nor indoctrinated by religious assumption, tradition, or cultural prejudice. An assumption of truth (or infallibility, inerrancy, divine inspiration) at the offset will twist and distort every examination and argument following to fit and prove the assumption. If you know the Bible is the Word of God only because you can quote from it to prove it the Word of God, or quote prophecies from it to prove prophecies are fulfilled, or quote supernatural events to prove the supernatural, or quote third-person witnesses from it to prove witnesses existed, everything you're quoting is based on the assumption that what you're quoting is valid and true. The Muslim can assume the same thing about the Koran, the Latter-day Saint about the Book of Mormon, the Hindu about the Upanishads, etc. The ability to quote does not automatically herald truth. What is quoted must stand up to concentrated scrutiny, to reason, the mechanics of the real world, the historical perspective and influences of the time, etc, and without supernatural assumptions going in. Extraordinary claims demand extraordinary evidence. Simply quoting the source to prove the source is an assumption bordering on a distinct and perverse pathology.
It is not enough to simply parrot what you believe by way of creed or article of faith or to merely recite without comprehension the often error-prone English translation of long disused languages. Each religion is but a small piece in a very large and intricate puzzle, and the fundamentalists, in refusing to look at the other pieces, even unaware that many other pieces exist, miss out on celebrating the larger diorama that comes with hard work and diligence and industry and exploratory knowledge. And yet it is these very fundamentalists who believe they know god's will, god's plan, and god's design for mankind simply by assuming the validity of their one piece of the puzzle while refusing to acknowledge all the other pieces scattered about the table.
Still, when it comes to religion, ideology, or claims of the paranormal, a great many people will happily avoid making any serious inquiries or exploring critical evidence in order to entertain beliefs that are wholly unfounded, misguided, or outright impossible. They can readily tell you who and what they believe, they just can't tell you how or why, the implication being that the object of belief has become more important than the motive impelling belief, a compulsion that somehow overrides one's sincere obligation to confirm claims beyond surreptitious sidestepping or the disregard of physical reality.
While people may be loathe in admitting that their beliefs are motivated, it is only because the physiological and psychological kinetics of the belief process go unrecognized or are deliberately neglected. This is certainly understandable, given human nature. Harboring a belief is easy. It's effortless. It requires no exertion and urges no proof. Simple acknowledgment is all it takes and you're free to believe any outrageous thing you'd like. Truth seeking, as I've said before, is a different beast entirely. Seeking truth is hard work. It takes time. It takes energy. It takes a lifelong commitment. And above all else, it runs the risk of dismantling cherished beliefs while demanding a keen and piercing mindful honesty. Unless you're willing to be honest with yourself and admit your own biases and prejudices, hopes and wishes, phobias and fears, assumptions, preconceptions, ignorance and inexperience, you are not seeking truth but only ways to continue serving and preserving your own insulated belief system. To a truth-seeker this simply will not do, having conceded striving and suffering after truth a more irresistible vocation then working to perpetuate those creature comforts awarded by untested belief. For the sake of truth, the seeker is willing to sacrifice it all, even those placating promises of eternal life, and embrace the undying fires of hell. If God exists and condemns critical thinking and rational inquiry as immoral and ungodly, then the truth-seeker has no other recourse than to find a haven in hell, if not a heaven.
Andrew Benson's book is a great introduction to begin research in this field, but be forewarned. There are so many paths that will open up due to this research that you will find yourself looking down ten thousand other avenues of inquiry. Are you prepared to do the work, begin the journey, take that first step? It all matters on how dedicated you are in discovering truth as to merely fortifying your subjective beliefs.