Quote from jem:
From wikipedia -- "The Triffin dilemma (less commonly the Triffin paradox) is the observation that when a national currency also serves as an international reserve currency (as the US dollar does today), there are fundamental conflicts of interest between domestic and international economic objectives. This dilemma was first identified by Belgian-American economist Robert Triffin in the 1960s, who pointed out that the country issuing the global reserve currency must be willing to run large trade deficits in order to supply the world with enough of its currency, to fulfill world demand for foreign exchange reserves"...
Now- lets take a look at that statement. The last sentence. Foreign exchange reserves... does it matter whether the country stores, dollars or euros or yen or pounds?
its all electronic.
How do foreign currency reserves effect international trade? Do countries really need to stock pile dollars over some other solid currency?
In an electronic age Triffins thoughts are not really relevant.
The sums are so large, that instability would ensue. Most Central Bankers know eachother very well. They generally don't try to "rock the boat."
A commonly accepted medium of exchange is needed to facilitate world trade. The dollar has served this role because of the US Gov'ts stability, the size of the economy, and the fact that we have military bases all over the world. Thus, many resources are paid for in dollars. But there's a hitch for everyone else. The US can depreciate it's currency and the bagholders suffer. It's known as exporting inflation, or as the French in the 60s called it - the "exorbitant privilege."
And what of the excess dollars? Countries bought US debt with them, thus financing the US military. This was an implied arrangement during the cold war. The reason Japan and Germany did not have sizable armies is that the US would protect them in exchange for their purchasing of US debt, i.e., they financed their "protection."
Read over that wiki article, especially the part where Dr. Zhou criticizes the system.
Right now, the central bankers of the world are debating what the next reserve currency will be. There is no timeframe, but deep down, I think they are worried of a dollar meltdown - and in such a situation, global trade will be severely impacted.
Back in May of this year, the Swiss National Bank and the IMF co-hosted a meeting on the Int'l Monetary System. Here is the opening statement, both exorbitant privilege and Triffin Dilemma are discussed:
http://www.snb.ch/en/mmr/speeches/id/ref_20100511_pmh_1/source/ref_20100511_pmh_1.en.pdf