Everything is lagging unless you're using automation.
Thus, if you're not using automation and you're not using indicators...whatever you're using...its lagging due to the nature of the time elapse it takes a human brain to process information and then make a decision and then execute that decision.
That time is 5 - 7 seconds even though the initial process (the starting point) is in 13 - 80 milli-seconds. In comparison, algorithms can start and finish the process (complete a trade) in milli-seconds.
Simply, although I don't use technical indicators (I only use price on the chart), whatever I see on that chart and by the time I understand that info and then execute a decision...5 - 7 seconds has already elapsed.
In addition, whenever the human mind see an image (charts, DOM, price quotes)...its not able to process 100% of that information. We lose some of it or its mixed up with something else we saw seconds earlier and then we make trade decisions on the remainder information.
Throw in the issue of decisions about money and some emotions...everything is lagging even for people that don't use indicators or don't use technical analysis. The scary part is when neuroscience and psychology meets each other. They conclude that "decision making" for us humans is not logical. Instead, our decisions being made in trading (charts or no charts)...its an emotional response mixed in with some behavior response. The latter (emotional/behavior response) is why Wall Street is spending almost 700 million dollars per year to better understand their traders and to ensure their top traders have psychological help whenever needed if their mindset changes...resulting in poor performance.
Note: I personally believe that trading decisions is a mixture of logic and emotions. Most traders lose because the emotions and behaviors are impacting the logic too often. Therefore, most traders need to reprogram themselves so that its the other way around.
The good news is that the human brain can be reprogram to make better decisions when under pressure...in those 5 - 7 seconds. Its difficult and the reason why so few traders succeed in the business of trading. Thus, the next time you think about lagging indicators...you need to realize the human brain itself has a lag in its decision making process.
Behavior Finance
Neurosciences of Decision Making
P.S. When I say automation...I'm not talking about mechanical alert systems. I'm talking about true automation from entry to exit in which the computer trades for you after you've programmed it to do such. Too many traders in error believe mechanical alert systems is automation trading.