Quote from ARealGannTrader:
Im skeptical about a systemic meltdown.
I just don't understand how these banks risk management depts did not analyse this and put measures in place. Their retail business should not brought the whole house down. When u trade, do u bet the farm?
LTCM had a black swan. These banks did not. There were people who saw this coming, I think they didn't make margin and decided to tighten their retail business, thus pushing the gov into a corner.
I think the banks scared Congress, which forces the President's
hand. McCain would have indeed done the same thing, but he is not a fiscal conservative.
Not to sound like a conspiracy nut, but government should have pulled a Lincoln and taken this out of the hands of the Fed.
Of course, they did compare Obama to Kennedy, which must have sent a variety of messages, not all of them good.
I believe the reasons such huge risks were taken is simple. They were insured. ostensibly of course. Since no one is going to read the CDS thing I wrote, I'll just paste a few paragraphs. These are all taken out of the context from which I wrote them, but i think it states my position. This is all IMO of course:
Credit Default Swap. Credit just refers to a loan, default refers to someone not paying you back the said loan, and swap just refers to something changing hands, in this case swapping the risk. Imagine if you were to loan a friend $100 and he agreed to repay you $120 for giving him the loan (this is the credit part), we'll call him the poor friend. Thats $20
profit in interest. So you go through with it, but you soon start to notice your friend isn't doing well. He lost his job. You aren't
certain, but you have a feeling he may not be able to pay you back (that's the default part). So you go to another friend who has
lots of money and you say to them "I will give you half of my $20 profit, if you agree to pay me back my full $100 if he goes broke".
We will call him your rich friend. He doesn't believe your poor friend is really that bad off. This way you are giving away some
profit, but you are insured against any loss of your principal. You "swapped" the risk to somebody else. There, that's a CDS.
With the advent of the CDS, bond holders could insure themselves against any losses. So why not bet on the high paying, risky bonds? Worst case is that you make nothing, if the bond holders default you get your money back and if they don't default you might as well be printing money. Basically the demand for high yield, risky debt soared because of the false sense of
security CDSs provided. Do you think its a coincidence that the CDS market grew 1000% (one thousand) between 2002 and
2007? The exact SAME time the subprime lending increased (see the chart)? Of course not. The demand for subprime-backed
bonds grew, which in turn means lenders on main street started doing all they could to close more subprime loans to satisfy the
now subprime addicted secondary market, hence the drastic increase is subprime loans and CDSs. All of this because bond
holders could now, ostensibly, eliminate their risk. That is where the subprime mess started.
The big financial companies were doing something called"netting". The value, or spread, of the CDS terms would of course fluctuate and they could take advantage and ostensibly insure everything. For example. Lets say you want to buy $10 million in risky subprime bonds, you want the nice return but you dont want the risk. You come to me and we enter into a CDS for lets say 2% of the total value per year. You're off the hook, but I am on
the hook for the $10 million. I don't like all this risk though and want to protect my principal investment. Next week the market improves a bit and I go to another person, call them Bob, and say I want to insure $10 million worth of the same risky subprime bond. Bob says ok, i'll do it for 1.75% of total value per year. Perfect! Now I'm making 0.25% risk free, but I didn't tell you that. I have a CDS with Bob. The market starts to head south a bit. Bob then is like "Uh oh, I'm on the hook for $10 million", looking to protect himself he goes to another person and says "I need to insure $10 million I have in this risky subprime bond", they agree
because its likely they are insured VIA a CDS by someone else. I'll do it for now he has 0 risk. Do you see the problem here? When the markets are unregulated and not transparent it was impossible to see that the risk was just being transferred around so much that everyone thinks they are completely covered when actually if there is a default there is not going to be enough money to go around. Now what happens if I, you, Bob or anybody else defaults? If you default, I default, Bob defaults and so on down the line. This is exactly what the financial companies were doing when subprime loans started to default, large companies holding billions in debt began to say "Ok I'm insured, where is my money" the company that sold the CDS to them (the insurer) then went to another company and said the same thing untl eventually they get back around to the original company. So where
does the money come from. Since CDSs arent regulated no one has any idea of the solvency of the company who they just bought this "insurance" from. Imagine not knowing for sure if your car insurance company has enough money to actually pay for your car if you have an accident. So basically if one company fails the rest of them default as well. Now we know why certain companies were propped up so quickly."