I am amazed at all the idiocy displayed here. Why don't you guys/gals take a look at what scientists have learned so far about the WTC? The scientists have no motivation to hide any data (their scientific reputation is much more important than someone's political agenda). A very cursory search on Google found these:
Why Did the World Trade Center Collapse?âSimple Analysis
J. Engrg. Mech., Volume 128, Issue 1, pp. 2-6 (January 2002)
http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/ser...00128000001000002000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes
Addendum to "Why Did the World Trade Center Collapse?âSimple Analysis"
J. Engrg. Mech., Volume 128, Issue 3, pp. 369-370 (March 2002)
http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/ser...00128000003000369000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes
How did the WTC towers collapse: a new theory
Fire Safety Journal
Volume 38, Issue 6 , October 2003, Pages 501-533
http://www.sciencedirect.com/scienc...serid=10&md5=5ab02e4a5b9041f8dfc2a000d2f80416
Mechanics of Progressive Collapse:
Learning from World Trade Center and Building Demolitions
Journal of Engineering Mechanics ASCE, in press
http://scholar.google.com/url?sa=U&...s/Papers/ProgressiveCollapseWTC-6-23-2006.pdf
All the conspiracy theorists, can you please study these reports first, before exposing more of you ignorance? It's getting really embarassing.
Why Did the World Trade Center Collapse?âSimple Analysis
J. Engrg. Mech., Volume 128, Issue 1, pp. 2-6 (January 2002)
http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/ser...00128000001000002000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes
This paper presents a simplified approximate analysis of the overall collapse of the towers of World Trade Center in New York on September 11, 2001. The analysis shows that if prolonged heating caused the majority of columns of a single floor to lose their load carrying capacity, the whole tower was doomed.
Addendum to "Why Did the World Trade Center Collapse?âSimple Analysis"
J. Engrg. Mech., Volume 128, Issue 3, pp. 369-370 (March 2002)
http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/ser...00128000003000369000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes
The addendum presents the responses to several questions on a preliminary version (which arrived too late for publication as part of the paper). The questions deal with the aircraft impact at a higher floor of the World Trade Center towers on September 11, 2001 damage to the upper part of the collapsing tower, weakness of connections, plastic cushioning of vertical impact, estimation of the equivalent mass, and the collapse of the adjacent lower building.
How did the WTC towers collapse: a new theory
Fire Safety Journal
Volume 38, Issue 6 , October 2003, Pages 501-533
http://www.sciencedirect.com/scienc...serid=10&md5=5ab02e4a5b9041f8dfc2a000d2f80416
This paper uses a finite-element model to investigate the stability of the Twin-Towers of the World Trade Center, New York for a number of different fire scenarios. This investigation does not take into account the structural damage caused by the terrorist attack. However, the fire scenarios included are based upon the likely fires that could have occurred as a result of the attack. A number of different explanations of how and why the Towers collapsed have appeared since the event. None of these however have adequately focused on the most important issue, namely âwhat structural mechanisms led to the state which triggered the collapseâ. Also, quite predictably, there are significant and fundamental differences in the explanations of the WTC collapses on offer so far. A complete consensus on any detailed explanation of the definitive causes and mechanisms of the collapse of these structures is well nigh impossible given the enormous uncertainties in key data (nature of the fires, damage to fire protection, heat transfer to structural members and nature and extent of structural damage for instance). There is, however, a consensus of sorts that the fires that burned in the structures after the attack had a big part to play in this collapse. The question is how big? Taking this to the extreme, this paper poses the hypothetical question, âhad there been no structural damage would the structure have survived fires of a similar magnitudeâ?
A robust but simple computational and theoretical analysis has been carried out to answer this question. Robust because no gross assumptions have been made and varying important parameters over a wide range shows consistent behaviour supporting the overall conclusions. Simple because all results presented can be checked by any structural engineer either theoretically or using widely available structural analysis software tools. The results are illuminating and show that the structural system adopted for the Twin-Towers may have been unusually vulnerable to a major fire. The analysis results show a simple but unmistakable collapse mechanism that owes as much (or more) to the geometric thermal expansion effects as it does to the material effects of loss of strength and stiffness. The collapse mechanism discovered is a simple stability failure directly related to the effect of heating (fire). Additionally, the mechanism is not dependent upon failure of structural connections.
Mechanics of Progressive Collapse:
Learning from World Trade Center and Building Demolitions
Journal of Engineering Mechanics ASCE, in press
http://scholar.google.com/url?sa=U&...s/Papers/ProgressiveCollapseWTC-6-23-2006.pdf
Progressive collapse is a failure mode of great concern for tall buildings, and is also
typical of building demolitions. The most infamous paradigm is the collapse of World Trade Center
towers. After reviewing the mechanics of their collapse, the motion during the crushing of one °oor
(or group of °oors) and its energetics are analyzed, and a dynamic one-dimensional continuum model
of progressive collapse is developed. Rather than using classical homogenization, it is found more
e®ective to characterize the continuum by an energetically equivalent snap-through. The collapse,
in which two phases|crush-down followed by crush-up|must be distinguished, is described in each
phase by a nonlinear second-order di®erential equation for the propagation of the crushing front of
a compacted block of accreting mass. Expressions for consistent energy potentials are formulated
and an exact analytical solution of a special case is given. It is shown that progressive collapse will
be triggered if the total (internal) energy loss during the crushing of one story (equal to the energy
dissipated by the complete crushing and compaction of one story, minus the loss of gravity potential
during the crushing of that story) exceeds the kinetic energy impacted to that story. Regardless of
the load capacity of the columns, there is no way to deny the inevitability of progressive collapse
driven by gravity alone if this criterion is satis¯ed (for the World Trade Center it is, with an order-
of-magnitude margin). The parameters are the compaction ratio of a crushed story, the fracture of
mass ejected outside the tower perimeter, and the energy dissipation per unit height. The last is the
most important, yet the hardest to predict theoretically. Using inverse analysis, one could identify
these parameters from a precise record of the motion of °oors of a collapsing building. Due to a
shroud of dust and smoke, the videos of WTC are useless here. It is proposed to obtain such records
by monitoring the precise time history of displacements in di®erent modes of building demolitions.
The monitoring could be accomplished by real-time telemetry from sacri¯cial accelerometers, or
by high-speed optical camera. The resulting information on energy absorption capability would be
valuable for the rating of various structural systems and for inferring their collapse mode under
extreme ¯re, internal explosion, external blast, impact or other kinds of terrorist attack, as well as earthquake and foundation movements.
All the conspiracy theorists, can you please study these reports first, before exposing more of you ignorance? It's getting really embarassing.
