Let me give my view on this question.
Going back to another thread, a lot has been written and argued about "prediction" and "anticipation". In truth, we are dealing here with the same kind of problem. Nobody will probably find anything wrong with the proposition that both tape-readers and indicator users are doing this in order to "speculate" about a desirable outcome of their interaction with the market.
To bring some order in these ideas we should go back to basics. As some posts point out correctly, the tape is the primary data source containing transaction prices, volume. (One could extend this by allowing bid, ask and depth data). So the tape is mathematically the timeseries (vector timeseries if you wish).
The desire to "predict" time series is an old one. During the 2nd world-war Norbert Wiener developed what is known as the "Wiener Filter". Another major breakthrough was the "Kalman Filter". These filters allow the "prediction" in a probabilistic rigorous sense of "mathematically well-behaved" time series (and possibly some derived data).
The "mathematically optimal" solutions of the Wiener and Kalman filters are in fact equations that operate on the known data of the present to yield some "predictions" which can be proven to satisfy rigorous hypothesis.
The setup of the prediction of market data is not easily reduced to a "well-behaved" problem. In fact, what became known as the "moving average" was rather somewhat alike the optimum solution of Wiener filtering in some easy examples. Let me state again that no mathematical rigor could be applied to such market filter.
We are faced here with a very similar situation as the engineering applications of Wiener and Kalman filtering. Nobody disputes the fact that the primary data is the "tape". However, for the mission we want to accomplish, to speculate successfully or to shoot down an enemy plane, this data was not very useful to most people, speculators or gunners for that matter. The Wiener and Kalman techniques allow to "transform" or "filter" this tape datastream into one of more "indicators" more useful to accomplish the mission.
Our problem with indicators is that: (1) no rigorous modelling for markets seems to be available; (2) many people need to "predict" and/or "anticipate"; (3) "The Love Of The Marvellous And The Disbelief Of The True"which is the subject of another ET thread.
So TA, is simply the way people deal heuristically with "predicting" and/or "anticipating" the markets. One can argue endlessly about this without coming to any definite conclusion. Sometimes people can be very good at heuristics, for some tape may be ideal, for others "indicators"may help. Wiener and Kalman could indeed say what was "best" or "worst"in a mathematical sense. In this thread we cannot, let's all think about this.
nononsense