I'm just restating above, and adding a bit.
Moving averages and indicators are based on the time frame of the bars on your chart, not the length of the chart. The time frame of the bars on your chart is known as the period. On a daily chart, ie., each bar represents a day, the 20ma is a 20 day ma.
So if you have 10 days of data using 30-minute bars or periods, the 20 ma represents the last 20 30minute bars. If you have a 20 day chart of 30-minute bars, the 20ma still represents the last 20 bars.
Charting packages have historical loaded even though it might not be on your screen. You might have 20 days of 30 minute data on your screen, but the package has many more days in your memory. Because of this, you can change from a 10 to a 20 to a 200 period moving average even though you might only have 20 days of 30-minute data showing.