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CU-Health Sciences Center Researchers Release Results of First Atkins Diet Study
DENVER (May 21, 2003) â In a study published in the May 22 New England Journal of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center researchers James O. Hill, PhD, and Holly Wyatt, MD, report results of the first controlled trial of the Atkins Diet.
The Atkins Diet limits carbohydrates but permits unrestricted amounts of protein and fat. Compared to a conventional, high-carbohydrate, low-calorie approach, the study found Atkins dieters lost twice as much weight at three and six months, but there was no difference between the groups at one year. Despite no differences in weight at one year, the Atkins dieters had significantly greater increases in good cholesterol (HDL) and decreases in triglycerides.
âWhile it is premature to widely recommend low carbohydrate diets, these initial findings suggest that such diets may not have such detrimental affects on cholesterol as was originally thought to be the case,â Wyatt said.
Results of this first randomized, controlled study of the Atkins diet suggest that low-carbohydrate diets may not be as harmful as anticipated, but longer and larger studies are required to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of low-carbohydrate, high-protein, high-fat diets.
The study evaluated 63 obese men and women who were randomly assigned to either the Atkins diet or a low-calorie, low-fat conventional diet. Participants in the study met with a registered dietician at zero, three, six and 12 months into the program. Those in the Atkins group received a copy of Dr. Atkins New Diet Revolution and were asked to follow the diet as described. The conventional diet group received instructional materials on how to maintain a diet that consisted of 60 percent carbohydrates, 25 percent fat, and 15 percent protein, based on the Food Guide Pyramid.
At three months, Atkins participants lost an average of 17.6 pounds, compared with 8.3 pounds in the conventional diet group. At six months, Atkins dieters lost 21.1 pounds
compared to 11.5 pounds, and at 12 months, Atkins dieters had lost 15.9 pounds versus 9.7 pounds.
âThe low-carbohydrate diet produced a greater weight loss than the conventional diet did for the first six months, but the differences were not that significant at one year,â Hill notes. âThe preliminary data suggest there may be some favorable effects of a low-carbohydrate diet in terms of triglycerides and HDL (good) cholesterol.â
The study was funded through grants from the National Institutes of Health General Clinical Research Centers at the University of Pennsylvania, Washington University, and CU-Health Sciences Center/Center for Human Nutrition.