I don't know if you who think specialists are obsolete have thought about this yet, but don't you remember what happens in those "superior" electronic markets every time there is a slight order imbalance? I won't go into ISLD anymore, because those idiots would never be able to handle the volume the NYSE does, but globex, being a little more serious, is still an excellent example why we need specialists: Every few weeks there is a "clerical error" (sure, clerical error) and someone enters a buy market order for 10000 contracts instead of 100. [More likely than not it is intentional to fathom market depth, but we'll leave that for another thread.] Anyhoo, what does globex do? They execute the whole order, bringing the price up a hundred points, as if they had never heard of conditional instructions in computer programming, and then, sometimes 20 minutes later, sometimes in the afternoon, they bust all trades above some arbitrary level. If I had to manage a couple of billion dollars, I would be happy to pay the NYSE specialist for not giving me that infantile "spike first, bust later" crap.