The only reason for scaling into a losing position or even martingaling into a losing position is to put more probabilities back into ones favor that the trade will be a winning exit as opposed to a losing exit. It is counter intuitive. It is capitalizing on the markets tendency to probe all session long. Watch 1m and 5m charts. Markets all day long are probing back and forth on 1 min and 5m charts. These probes can last seconds or few minutes. This back and forth ….push and tug …is territory for averaging down and even martingaling if one can deal with more potential temporary risks.
In such a context the probability of a successful trade increases. The down side is less reward. There are three variables. Risk, reward, and probability. If one is adjusted if affects the others when structuring a trade. If I assume more risk by averaging down or using a martingale strategy I increase my probability of getting out in an overall winning trade, although I may lose on some contracts in the trade but win on the other contracts in the trade, however overall it is a winning trade. It is better to win even if the reward is smaller than to lose on a temporary probe against one’s position. Especially if one is a scalper.
I am speaking here in terms of very short-term trading like on 1m to 5m charts. The whole thing is generally is generally structured, traded, and done within seconds or minutes. Hear that, seconds or minutes!
All one is doing is putting a profitable exit closer on terms of movement in order to be profitable. Because of the constant probing in the markets this can be a reasonable strategy. IMO. The downside is less reward and a trader must be ready to dump any averaged down position quickly if the probe turns into a reversal.
Averaging down, aka as scaling into a losing position, and or using a martingale technique is done not to avoid a loss (although in effect it does that) but it is used to put probability in ones favor that a profitable exit is forthcoming, i.e. when scalping. I am not arguing for adding and adding and adding more and more and more to avoid a loss. In such a case a trader would be getting out of the probing phenomena of the markets and likely suffer larger losses. I am talking strictly about scalping 1m to 5m charts. That said the same thing can be done on larger time frames (as PA on all TF’s is basically the same) but larger TF’s would require more capitol and greater risks in monetary terms.
The things are above are my opinion I don’t advice anyone to do it. That is up to a trader to make his own mind up. However, I would say watch this back and forth tug and push on 5m and 1m charts if one is inclined to scalp trade. It generally manifests itself on overlapping bars. Observe how often this happens and try see how one could potentially profit from it.