To explain staking and IOUs, like BETH: (or Ponzi 101)
"So imagine there's this bank that offers interest on savings accounts that scales a lot depending on how much is in the account. A fund manager might have the brilliant idea that if they can get a whole bunch of people to pool hundreds of millions of dollars into one savings account, then everyone can share the returns on the best rate possible. They take a small cut in management fees, but they're managing so much they're still making tons of money. It's a win/win.
However, this bank, while legitimate, has a problem. Their vault door is stuck, and it's going to take months if not years to get it open so savings depositors can get their money out from there. In the meantime they're just sliding dollars under the vault door and keeping track of who deposited what, but it's all one way. Still, interest is getting paid out, and people trust that things will be fine eventually once they get the door open and people can withdraw their deposits.
In the meantime, the fund manager is handing out "vaultbucks" IOUs for everyone who sends him funds to stick in the savings account, which he's willing to convert back to dollars at 96 cents per vaultbuck. One vaultbuck entitles you to one dollar in the vault from the fund manager once it's open, but it's not open now, so the inconvenience of holding vaultbucks means it's worth a little less that the dollar amount it represents. Still, you can cash out now if you want. If you held long enough you're getting more than 4% so you're still making money, and if you keep holding until the vault door opens, that 4% fee disappears entirely so you're making even more money. Things are great.
Except... where is that fund manger getting the dollars to cash people out? Every cent he receives is going into the vault, and every cent in interest is being held in a client's name. He shouldn't have any dollars, yet people are withdrawing while the vault door is closed. How does that even work?
Don't worry about it, the fund manager says. In fact, this whole "bank savings" thing is so great, I'm going to start up my own savings business where I'll pay you 8% interest on any vaultbucks you keep with me. You can still cash it all out for dollars at any time. This makes total sense and we'll all be rich.
Now there are some big caveats. Ethereum isn't dollars, and the Ethereum blockchain isn't a bank, but for the purposes of this metaphor it works, because Binance can't print new ETH. They can only print new IOUs. Yet they're already handing out ETH, just like that fund manager is handing out dollars he can't print out of thin air. Where is that coming from?"
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"Here's another way to think about this: Binance has created a stablecoin called BETH.
BETH is fully (if, um, we give Binance the benefit of the doubt here) backed by ETH that is locked in staking contracts until the Ethereum High Council gets off the fence and rolls out the Shanghai update.
Until that time, there is a risk to Binance.
That risk is a classic bank run. Binance presumably manages some quantity of liquid, unstaked ETH of their own to support operations. Every time someone decides to redeem BETH stablecoin for liquid ETH, Binance's pool of liquid ETH shrinks. If it shrinks down to zero, Binance has to do one of: a) Buy ETH on the open market, b) "loan" itself ETH by dipping into customer deposits, to be paid back at some later point of course, or c) suspend BETH redemptions. This risk presumably goes away when the High Council decides to allow Binance to d) unstake underlying ETH 32 at a time (or whatever minimum the High Council deems right and proper).
Option b up there, you'll note, spreads Binance's risk to their customers. It's not the only risk they face-- they also have to worry that Binance will start playing fast and loose with the backing, issuing more BETH than they've staked ETH. This is not bad because it is "fractional reserve," it is bad because it is "more leverage," and leverage is your enemy when your asset declines. This fundamental risk will not go away when the Ethereum High Council gets off its arse and pushes out withdrawal code; Binance is likely to keep BETH around after Shanghai, if only because controlling a stablecoin is quite useful for anyone looking to skim a bit more off the floor of the cryptoland casino."