Academic research
Research by Griffin and Shams found that
Bitcoin prices increased after Tether minted new USD₮ during market downturns. They speculated this was an attempt at
market manipulation.
[54] These findings were contested by the
Bitfinex cryptocurrency exchange who claimed the authors cherry-picked data and lacked a complete dataset.
[55] Subsequent researchers found little to no evidence that Tether USD₮ minting events influenced Bitcoin prices, supporting the Bitfinex critique.
[56][57][58] In 2022, research found that Bitcoin prices only increased when Whale Alert
tweeted to the public that Tether had minted USDT, supporting a classic investor response to news announcements.
[59] Academic research following the Griffin and Shams study did not conclude that Tether manipulated Bitcoin.
[56][57][58][59] The CEO of Tether and Bitfinex commented on the academic debate: "Bitfinex nor Tether is, or has ever, engaged in any sort of market or price manipulation. Tether issuances cannot be used to prop up the price of Bitcoin or any other coin/token on Bitfinex."
[60]
Media research
Bloomberg News reporters found irregularities on the
Kraken cryptocurrency exchange, with small market orders moving the market price of Tether as much as larger market orders from 1 May 2018 to 22 June 2018.
[61] New York University Professor Rosa Abrantes-Metz and Federal Reserve bank examiner Mark Williams suggested the unusual order sizes were indicative of
wash trading by automated trading programs.
[61] The Kraken
cryptocurrency exchange offered a rebuttal of these claims, stating that Bloomberg News misunderstood the concept of
stablecoin and that the market price of Tether was not greatly influenced by market order size because Tether was a
stablecoin pegged to the
United States dollar.
[62] The user responsible for unusual order sizes also confirmed that the oddly specific order sizes and decimal places were "randomly selected".
[62] The Kraken cryptocurrency exchange rebuttal of the Bloomberg News findings were later supported by academic research concerning the stability of stablecoins.
[63]
Legal research
On 20 November 2018,
Bloomberg reported that U.S. federal prosecutors are investigating whether Tether was used to manipulate the price of
Bitcoin.
[64][65]
According to Tether's website, tether can be newly issued by purchase for dollars or redeemed by exchanges and qualified corporate customers, excluding U.S.-based customers. Journalist
Jon Evans states that he has yet to find publicly verifiable examples of a purchase of newly issued tether or a redemption in the year ending August 2018.
[66]