Chinese lose enthusiasm for smaller cars
By Geoff Dyer in Shanghai
http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/0487c65c-c201-11dc-8fba-0000779fd2ac.html
The âpeopleâs carâ might not find a warm reception in the Peopleâs Republic.
While Tata Motors hopes that its new $2,500 Nano model will bring vehicle ownership to the Indian masses, car-buyers in China, the most dynamic market in the world, have lost some of their enthusiasm for small, cheap vehicles.
Industry figures to be released this week will show that the growth of sales of smaller-engined vehicles fell sharply last year in spite of a continuing boom in the overall car market, which grew by about 24 per cent.
The conventional wisdom in the car industry is that large, developing economies with rapidly expanding middle classes buying their first cars should be fertile territory for small and affordable vehicles. That is what Tata is hoping for in India and that is how carmakers have prospered in emerging markets from Brazil to Thailand.
However, industry analysts say China could be following a different path. Car ownership is growing at a rapid rate â turning China into the second largest market in the world.
But, after flirting with smaller vehicles, Chinese consumers are trading up.
In the first 11 months of last year, sales of cars with an engine size of one litre or less fell by 24 per cent, according to the auto industry association â and this in spite of rising petrol prices and a tax policy that encourages smaller engines. Sales of micro and subcompact cars of all engine sizes rose only modestly in the first 11 months of 2007.
It was not immediately clear why smaller cars had fallen out of favour or if the trend would continue, but some observers put the tepid demand down to a mixture of rising wealth disparities and the link between cars and social status in China.
Michael Dunne, managing director of consultants JD Power in Shanghai, says: âIt is partly a reflection of income inequality, which has created an urban elite with a lot of money and that wants to buy the very best quality.
âIf Chinese can afford a higher-level car, they will go for it, even if it means borrowing money from their family. Image is much more important in China, especially compared with India.â
Research by Volkswagen last year found that average Chinese carbuyers spent twice his or her annual salary on the vehicle. Two years ago Su Tianping, a junior manager at Pudong Development Bank in Shanghai, bought a QQ, the microcar made by Chinese company Chery, which was a sales phenomenon in 2005. However, he sold it a few months ago.
âIt was OK to drive around home,â he says, âbut driving a QQ to clients or to a party was a loss of face.â
The slowdown in demand is a setback for some of the new generation of Chinese carmakers that had been relying on heavy sales at the cheapest end of the market.
Chery has maintained its strong position, in part by introducing several more expensive, larger saloons.
However, FAW Xiali and Geely, the second and third largest Chinese brands, which are more dependent on smaller models, have lost market share.