Don't Panic Over Five-Year Low
By James Carlisle (TMFJimmyC)
July 4, 2002
Unless you've been in the Big Brother house, you'll know by now that when the stock market opened this morning, the FTSE 100 was at the lowest it's been for five years. The media makes a meal of this sort of thing, ourselves included I guess, precisely because its so unusual. We can see how unusual by looking at CSFB's indices for the total returns for the London stock market. The figures show that, on average (and taking the figures from 31 December each year), shares have delivered negative returns in just five of the 128 five-year periods since 1869.
The most recent, and by far the nastiest, occurrence was when the stock market crashed in 1974 leaving shares with a return of -41% since 1969 (equivalent to -10% per year). For those that held on through 1975, though, things worked out okay. In 1975, shares had their best year ever, with a return of 149%, giving a return of 47% (or 6.7% per year) for the period 1969-1975. By 1980, shares were more than six times their 1974 lows.
Going back from 1974, we get to the back-to-back negative periods of 1935-1940 and 1936-1941. In each of these periods, shares would have lost you a little less than 10% of your money (around 2% per year). Again, though, for both these periods, holding for the sixth year would have got you out of trouble. 1941 and 1942 both individually returned about 20% to give overall returns for the six-year periods ending in those years of about 10% (or just less than 2% per year).
Surprisingly, the five-year period ending 1929 produced a positive return thanks to a strong run in the late 1920s. Yet, despite the crash in 1929, 1930 and 1931 were further down years, giving shares a negative return of 7% (1.4% per year) for the period 1926-1931. Once more, however, the sixth year came to the rescue, with a positive return of 35% in 1932, making a total of 26% (or 4% per year) for 1926-1932. By 1936, shares were at three times their 1931 levels, before moving into the slow 1936-1941 patch we just looked at.
The only other five-year losing period is the one ending in 1903. In a period of very low inflation (in fact, prices actually fell between 1869 and 1914), shares would have lost you a measly 1% of your money between 1898 and 1903. Hardly a great disaster and, you'll have got used to this by now, 1904 solved the problems with a bounce of 9%.
So what's the conclusion from all of this? Probably not a great deal. We're dealing with so few occurances that there's not really enough data to go on. We can say, though, that negative five-year returns have been very unusual and, on the few occasions we have seen them, a little patience would have sorted you out. The five years following each of the bad periods would have generated positive annual returns of 2.2%, 25%, 14%, 13% and 36%.
Of all the periods, the economic environment now is perhaps most like the period at the turn of the last century, with all but no inflation. In that period, the stock market was one big snore, with not much happening either way. So perhaps we'll be in for a slow and steady period. That seems unlikely, though, given the excitement of the last two years. But what has really produced the biggest dramas in the past is a sudden burst of inflation. That's what happened in the late seventies and seeing it coming is what caused the carnage in 1974. So long as Steady Eddie and his chums do their job of controlling inflation, patience is likely to pay off again.