A retail customer (or any non-MM participant) is almost always best served by working an order. Yes, you are not guaranteed a fill (* but guess what, you are not even guaranteed it if you try to take liquidity) but you are improving the expected value of your execution. Someone might be interested on the other side of your order, its possible that an MM might get a trade that is a perfect offset and will fill you etc.if you are a retail trader then buy at ask and sell at bid
Couple random thoughts:
1. qxr1001 is rightly pointing out that execution should not be a crucial component of your strategy (unless you are a high frequency player), but transaction costs are almost always a big scrape on the total revenue. It's worth optimizing execution as much as you can without impacting your ability to capture alpha.
2. it's worth remembering that costs are certain, while risk and profit (more so) are not. This usually means that if transaction costs are a meaningful portion of your expected alpha, you might want to avoid trading entirely and look for better opportunities.

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I rank such thoughts with the "educators" who teach "How To Make Great Stock Trades" when the only thing they do is how to enter, leaving the dull, boring, messy stuff like trade/position/portfolio/capital/risk management to "our more-experienced, special, high-asset value students.....Want to join our Platinum platform?!?"
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