The U.S. Central Bank doesn't give anything away. It is the government's banker and they do what the government tells them to do. When the Congress orders the Treasury to send a check to everyone, the Treasury does it. The Treasury's reserve account is at the central bank. The Bank just clears those Treasury checks trough the Treasury's reserve account, and makes sure no checks bounce. (In truth the Fed and the Treasury are two, interdependent, highly coordinated operations, but they are made to look like they are independent. They aren't really, as can be seen by examining the consolidated Treasury-Fed account.)