Quote from Ricter:
Primary, no. Influential, yes.
sorry it took me so long to respond. i had to go find some graphs and got a phone call, etc.
you are, of course, familiar with the term "money supply". if not, from wiki:
the money supply or money stock, is the total amount of money available in an economy at a particular point in time.
of course, there are various ways of measuring the money supply - but I prefer M2 when discussing money's effect on inflation. The same wiki article calls M2:
money and "close substitutes" for money. M2 is a broader classification of money than M1. Economists use M2 when looking to quantify the amount of money in circulation and trying to explain different economic monetary conditions. M2 is a key economic indicator used to forecast inflation.
considering that the federal reserve is the key controller of the money supply, the action of M2 is consistent with efforts of the Fed on the intent of either raising or lowering it. here is a current chart of M2 for you.
in USD Billions
http://www.forecasts.org/images/leading-indicator/M2.gif
now, lets look at the most simple form of understanding a value of a dollar by saying that "as the number of dollars increase in circulation, the value of each of those dollars drops". of course, we'd have to ask the question "drops in comparison to what?" if all central banks around the world were printing mercilessly, then it would be a race to see which currency could hit the "bottom" first. but since, with the exception of japan, all central banks are in tightening mode and the fed is in "ultra loose" mode, the amount of dollars flooding the system are far, far greater than their euro, aussie, loonie, swiss, sterling, etc. counterparts.
to sum up, the fed controls the amount of dollars in the system, and the amount of dollars directly leads to the value of those dollars. this process is exacerbated when the fed is the only player in town printing and everyone else is tightening. like now.
the fed, is the primary influence on the value of the dollar.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Money_supply
http://www.forecasts.org/m2.htm