1. Overview The single-most important question facing mankind is, “Who determines right and wrong, man or God?” Many politicians, university professors, newscasters, and social media company owners believe man is, claiming science is on their side. But are they right? Does unbiased science have anything to say about the answer to this question? The perspectives: 1) God. The Bible opens by declaring that its God is the Creator: “In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.” Subsequently, a major theme throughout the Bible is that God is in complete control of everything that takes place everywhere in the universe. Moreover, He constantly intervenes in events on Earth as He works through a predetermined plan. His normal means of action is first to plan what He is going to do and next to carry out the plans. This pattern appears to be fundamental to His behavior. 2) Man. Most but not all scientists today are committed to naturalism, the philosophy that matter and energy are all that exist—there are no spiritual forces in the universe capable of intervening into the affairs of nature. 1 These scientists claim anything which purports to mix science with spiritual intervention is pseudoscience, fake science. To them, attempts to explain how science can reveal a personal God are false science by definition. They do not even need to consider the arguments no matter how strong they may appear, because eventually science will give them the evidence needed to support their position. Naturalism is the foundation for another philosophy, humanism. The train of thought is that if natural processes can explain everything—including the origin of life—then man’s wisdom is the highest that is available for us to solve our problems. Religion only interferes with man’s efforts and needs to be eliminated or else reduced to nothing more than psychological phenomena. Most of the curriculum of a modern university is focused on instilling the principles of humanism into its students. However, if God is true then naturalism is false. So is humanism. In this case, whatever is taught in a university and is based on humanism would also be false. Thus, the issue of naturalism’s validity has far reaching implications. The case is made here that engineering resolves the question. Science shows us many features that characterize cellular life, such as genetic information and complex chemical processes. Yet, observed science gives no basis to understand how these features appeared. Science does not give us the tools to understand how life appeared. We shall discuss these issues in detail later. Significantly, engineering shows how to design systems using both information and complex chemical reactions. When the details are worked through, they lead to the understanding that a super-intelligent, allpowerful God exists and is the Designer and Fabricator of cellular life. It appears that design engineering provides the key to lead us into understanding the reality of a Creator. The Bible says that we should expect analysis of the creation to lead us to Him. In Romans 1:20 we read, “For since the creation of the world His invisible attributes are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made—even His eternal power and Godhead—so that they are without excuse….” In other words, God uses the creation itself to show everyone that He is the Creator. Moreover, God considers this testimony to be so clear that He counts a person to be without excuse who suppresses it. The Bible leads us to expect proper analysis of the creation to reveal God. Humanism and an intervening, sovereign Creator God cannot both be true. What is the problem? Many scientists today speak as though they are authorities in engineering, history, and philosophy as well as science. They aren’t. There appears to be a simple explanation and resolution of the conflict—modern science oversteps its authority in its claims. Science is properly the study of what exists in nature and how it works. Careful measurements and repeatable experiments are the basic tools of science. However, serious confusion results when scientists intrude into other fields outside their proper domain. I.e., the problems come when scientists present themselves as authorities in engineering, in history, and in philosophy. The solution: recognize only legitimate science. When this is done, the Bible and science are in complete harmony. The discrepancies: 1) Engineers first design then make what they designed. Making things is the domain of engineering, not science. Engineers typically design complex systems with many components which need to cooperate with each other to provide a product that works. These products require a number of essential components such that missing any of them results in its failure. This applies to virtually everything engineers design related to our technological age, from computers to car engines. Yet, living cells are vastly more complicated than anything man can design and make. Consider the origin of life. Scientists are limited in their explanations for the origin of life to gradual step-by-step progress resulting from uncontrolled processes. They attempt to explain complex features like i) the appearance of information in a cell, ii) cellular metabolism, iii) cell membranes and iv) the components required for cellular replication as being the products of stepby-step improvements. Unfortunately, science can give no experimentally-observed basis to expect natural processes to be capable of providing any of these features, but gives lots of evidence that they are not. By contrast, engineers commonly design the kinds of systems featured in cells. Modern scientists feel compelled to reject the engineering model, because this approach requires an intelligent being first to design a specifically planned object and then to fabricate it. If the engineering model is applied to the origin of life, the model naturally leads to the conclusion that God created life. Acknowledging this conclusion destroys the philosophical basis of modern science. 2) Darwinian evolution is about history. It claims that over a period of billions of years bacteria gradually turned into fishes, birds, and people. However, history is not science and science is not history. The approaches between the two fields are the exact opposite. Science is primarily based on repeatable measurements and experiments with every factor that can affect an outcome defined before the experiment is run. By contrast, history is a one-time event which cannot be repeated. Most of the factors resulting in any particular historical event are unknown. This is particularly the case for events occurring in the distant past. Even the tools, goals, and appropriate conclusions are completely different between true science and history. As a result, evolutionary theory is outside the scope of legitimate science. Scientists should openly acknowledge this. As a side note, if there truly is a living God who intervenes into the affairs of the Earth, then scientists have even less authority to act as historians. They have no evidence available to tell what God may or may not have done. They do not have the tools or resources to make a proper analysis. If a scientist denies that God intervened in an event when actually He did, he is guaranteed to be wrong in his conclusions. The intervention will have changed the outcome. Therefore, any explanation which does not account for it will of necessity be wrong. True science does not have the resources to measure God’s intervention. An honest scientist will not pretend to be a historian. 3) When a secular scientist makes public statements that science shows that natural processes are sufficient to explain everything that takes place in the universe, he lies. He takes an unproven philosophical statement, naturalism, and presents it as proven science. This is not science! It is not even true! Anyone who is confused about how to reconcile Genesis 1 with the claims of these people should worry more about pleasing God than them. He is eternal. They aren’t.
The Biblical Perspective of the Creation/Evolution controversy In Isaiah 5:20, the Bible warns, “Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil; that put darkness for light, and light for darkness….” It is a frequent pattern in the Bible that those who reject God will assert as truth the exact opposite of whatever God presents as truth. If He calls it white, then they will call it black and if He calls it black then they will call it white. A good illustration of this pattern concerns perspectives on the origin of life. The Bible presents one explanation. Modern Darwinian evolutionists take the exact opposite. a) God says that He intervened in nature to create the heavens, the earth, and life. Evolutionists say that everything is purely the result of natural processes. b) God says everything He made has a purpose. Evolutionists say everything is only a temporary arrangement of chemicals formed by random combinations without purpose. c) God says various kinds of life (trees, animals, fish, man etc.) were each created directly in fully completed form. Darwinian evolutionists say bacteria turned into grasses, trees, animals, birds, fish, and people. d) God says each life form was created virtually instantly. Evolutionists say that over the course of several billion years raw, non-biological chemicals gradually turned into bacteria which then gradually turned into plants, animals, and people. e) God says that the creation reveals His power. Evolutionists say that living cells reveal the creative power of mutation and natural selection working together. f) God says we should be in awe of the wisdom He displayed in the things He made. Evolutionists say we should be in awe of what natural selection has accomplished. g) God says remnants of the Genesis flood (such as dead animals found contorted in fossil grave yards, bleak deserts, and stratified rock in mountain layers throughout the world) are meant to present a message of warning for us today (2 Peter 3:3-7). They visibly show the results of God’s judgment on those who rebel against Him. Evolutionists say the fossil record is a history of how life evolved over long periods of time. It shows that the Biblical account is false and therefore a person can rightfully ignore any warnings of judgment it might imply. h) God receives the worship of those who honor Him as Creator (Revelation 4:12). Evolutionists say that such people need to be mocked as promoting pseudoscience (false science). Significance of the observations. God expects us to believe Him (Genesis 15:6). The Bible is a big book, recording the way many people have related to Him over many generations. There is not a single instance where God honored someone for not believing Him. God does not give us the option to choose what from the Bible to believe and what not to believe. You submit to believing Him or you don’t. The underlying messages of the Bible and of evolution are diametrically opposed. The world uses evolutionary theory to destroy people’s faith in God. Romans 1 indicates that those who reject God as Creator incur His wrath, not only in the Day of Judgment (Romans 2:5) but also during this lifetime (Romans 1:24-31). He expects the person who is rejecting Him and His Word to repent. A professing believer in Christ who rejects any of God’s Word needs to test himself to make sure he is truly in the faith and not an empty professor. Some people may consider literalness of Genesis to be a minor issue. In Isaiah 42:8 God says that He will not give His glory to another. How a person stands on the Biblical account of creation becomes a test of whether he actually believes God or prefers to honor the message of those who reject Him. Be careful! Give God the glory He expects and deserves! He observes what you do! Our modern technological society is the product of science and engineering working together. Science studies things found in nature. It uses precise measurements and experiments to understand what exists and how it works. Engineering takes the principles learned from science and makes new things using them. Unbiased science appears to show us clearly that natural processes are in themselves insufficient to create life. In the Detailed Analysis in Part 2, this issue will be thoroughly analyzed. Engineering gives us a model to understand that God created life in the form of living cells. We will look at a short summary now. Not a single experiment in abiogenesis has successfully converted its starting chemicals into new ones that could be used as produced in a subsequent step towards life.2 If a university student were to ask a professor to cite one, he will find the professor can’t. Yet, the appearance of life requires usable conversions to be a normal characteristic at every step needed to convert initial, raw chemicals appearing on Earth until a fully functioning cell appears. Every step would need to be successful under a broad range of natural conditions, because in nature conditions change constantly. However, even with precise control over all of the factors related to running an experiment, such as starting materials, environmental conditions such as temperature, and energy sources such as ultra-violet light or lightning sparks, scientists have never been able to get any step to advance to the next successfully. It appears to be irrational to assert that in the unstable conditions of a pre-life environment, that an emerging cell could successfully work its way through each step required to make the first living cell. Science clearly gives us strong reasons to reject a natural origin of life. Yet, few scientists are honest enough to face this or admit it. Rather than acknowledge the problems, scientists merely refer to them as paradoxes.3 They should just call them failures. However, that would destroy their credibility. Unfortunately, it seems that a paradox appears whenever a scientist runs an experiment testing any hypothetical step of abiogenesis. In every experiment performed during the past seven decades, the observed results contradict required results. Every experiment has its own paradox. Something appears to be really, really wrong here. This should make a strong case against a natural origin of life. Why do so many scientists still hold on to it so tenaciously? The answer is simple. If natural processes are demonstrably inadequate to provide for the appearance of living cells, then naturalism is demonstrably invalid. Life would require a supernatural origin. The entire philosophical approach of modern secular science would collapse. Naturalism is how atheists attempt to justify their rejection of God. To them, admission of even one instance of failure for naturalism failing is unthinkable. By contrast, a Christian finds the problems and paradoxes are exactly what he believes should be expected if God designed the creation to lead us to an understanding of His person. A Christian appreciates the paradoxes as a confirmation of God’s power and accuracy of the Bible. How design engineering shows God created life. The title of this article talks about how engineering shows that God created life. The basis for this claim is straightforward. Consider information: An information-controlled system needs to be designed by an intelligent being then built. Computers and computer driven machines such as cars and microwave ovens are controlled by a combination of hardware and software. The software is useless without the hardware. The hardware is useless without the software. There is a minimum level of completeness needed for both hardware and software before either can function properly. Engineers understand that it is impossible for unguided, gradual, step-by-step processes to provide the required minimal level of completeness to build an information processor. Living cells also have a complex body of information and special hardware to use it. Just as with computers, the information and hardware need to appear fully formed simultaneously. This requires design then fabrication. However, in a cell the complexity observed for both the information stored in its DNA and the cellular hardware to read it far exceeds anything a man can design. This suggests that cellular information and supporting hardware are the result of design by a being with intelligence that greatly exceeds that of a man. It would be even more impossible to provide cellular information by gradual, random step-by-step processes in order to provide cellular life than for a computer. Yet, a biologist will refuse to acknowledge this train of thought, because it invalidates naturalism. To the biologist, evidence is not the issue. If any evidence appears to work against naturalism, it is rejected without analysis. This attitude represents fake science. Biologists become the true pseudoscientists when they act like this. They place their personally preferred, God-denying philosophy ahead of the observations of modern technology. Man has elaborate tools available to fabricate the components of a computer. However, there are no tools available to convert a design for a living cell into actual living cells. Once living cells appear, they can make copies of themselves by replication. Tools are no longer needed. Tools for cellular fabrication would be extremely complicated. There is no basis to expect required tools to appear spontaneously in nature. This suggests that the Designer also had to have the ability to move individual atoms and molecules into precisely defined, dynamic relationships with each other in order to make the first living cells. I.e., the Designer needs to have the ability to work outside of natural law at will to make the first cells. What do you call an extremely intelligent being who has the ability to work outside of nature at will, doing so as He places atoms and molecules into predetermined arrangements in order to make something according to a design? You call Him God. The things we have learned from science and engineering working together lead us straight to the understanding that living cells are the handiwork of a living God. This is exactly what the Bible leads us to expect. Atheists who reject the possibility of such a God have spent seven decades of intense research trying to explain why God is not needed for the appearance of living cells. All they have to show for their evidence are paradoxes and failed experiments. Of all people, scientists and engineers have the training to understand these arguments. Is it any wonder when God says they have no excuse if they suppress it, being willfully ignorant of where their own fields take them? Furthermore, the Bible tells us in its opening chapter that God directly made man in His own image. Man reflects on a small scale many attributes God possesses on an unbounded scale, such as intelligence, insight, and the ability to make elaborate plans and carry them out. God created man in such a way that the creation is able to lead him into understanding God’s eternal power and divine nature. God expects man to recognize Him and respond by worshiping Him in a spirit of thanksgiving (Romans 1:21). It is intriguing that the Bible talks about how God works by planning then doing. Man is generally most effective when he first plans and then does. A totally undisciplined man rejects the advantages of this, but can end up going hungry as a result. Genesis 1 shows how God used the pattern of planning then making for His activity on each of the six days of creation. The same pattern applies as well for the entire sequence of days taken as a whole. Engineers by practice follow the pattern of first designing then fabricating. Engineering copies the approach God used in Genesis 1. The ability to design then fabricate appears to be a facet of man being created in God’s image, as also explained in Genesis 1. Cats don’t design cell phones. Neither do they build them. When man attempts to eliminate God as the Creator of life, he runs into nothing but failures and paradoxes. This is very well a general statement, but applies so broadly that it even encompasses discussions on the origin of life. If a man extrapolates from his limited capabilities for design to that required to design a living cell, he is led to the understanding that God created life. Furthermore, He is a personal God with eternal power and various personal attributes (divine nature). God says that man has no excuse if he doesn’t understand this. So, from a Biblical perspective, the train of thought presented in this article appears to be exactly what God expects a person to understand. In response, a person needs to worship God, giving Him glory and thanksgiving. He needs to seek Him and submit His will to Him. Man instinctively knows that God sets the standards of right and wrong and that He judges our adherence to them. This is why men make such an effort to suppress truth about God. They know but do not want to know. 4 Fortunately, God is also a God of grace, as discussed at the end of this article.5 There is a beautiful consistency in the picture presented here. Biblical teachings, engineering, science, God’s nature, and man’s nature all supplement each other in perfect harmony. This is satisfying to a person who knows Christ as his personal Savior and has a living relationship with God. The paradoxes and failures of abiogenesis should serve as a warning to those who rely only on naturalistic philosophy as a substitute for God. They are following the wrong path and need to change. Likewise, these same paradoxes and failures should serve as a wake-up call to those who profess faith in Christ, yet have believed the attacks on God and His Word in Genesis that are so boldly proclaimed by those who reject Him. This concludes the Overview. There were many strong statements made here. These will be developed and justified in the subsequent material.
You are worthy, O Lord, to receive glory and honor and power; For You created all things and by Your will they exist and were created." (Revelation 4:11)