Quote from hayman:
Regardless of whether the market tanks or there is a big selloff in the stock, the buyers out there will get filled first in that scenario. When the buyers are all dried up, the Specialist takes over. At that point, he can set the price he wants, and he can "legally" undershoot the fair market price at the time. This mitigates his risk substantially, since he can subsequently drive the price back to its "market" value after he/she pruchases, and sell for a profit. I've had lengthy discussions with a Specialist acquaintance, and he told me off the record, that this is their most prevalent oppty for profit. The biggest oppty for profit is the major Bad News before the bell scenario. Here, they know apriori the supply/demand imbalance, and can be the last resort buyer at a very favorable price to them. Glad to see that the Specialists are making money at your and my expense.
Yes, before the bell the specialist minimizes risk (as he is expected to do) by trying to get a good price relative to the pile of shares he has to buy. I was referring to moves that occur during the day, such as when institutions decide to suddenly unload. However, if there is really such buying interest in the stock before the bell opens, and the specialist really is indicating below the level of demand, then there should be buyers listed above the indicated price over the ECNs. In this case, the seller can sell to those buyers. Also, if you are long, and you think the spec is opening the stock below the level of demand, then just hold it. If you are short, then hurry up and cover.
Either way, at least you can always fall back on having a spec, especially during the day, provide liquidity and accountability, instead of crooked MMs who back away and cause investors to take, in most cases, inferior prices and stomach crazy volatility (which is also often artificially created too).