Definitely not and you'd be hearing from the IRS on why one didn't file in 2017 for the 2016 gains which would usually not result in a refund.
Yup. What he said.
A friend of mine got caught up in this. A few years back he was shorting financials. He made some big bets against Bear and Lehman, and made a small fortune in 2008, but didn't pay his taxes right away, thinking that he would deal with it in 1Q2009. In that time, he made a huge bet that Morgan Stanley would go belly-up, and lost it all--including the money he owed in taxes.
He busted, owing the IRS a ton of money. After many nasty letters, meetings, and hassles, and it took him years to pay it off working a full-time (non-trading) job. Basically, by not paying his 2008 taxes, he was playing the market with IRS money.
Also note that you can't "settle" with the IRS. If his debt was to a creditor, credit card, mortgage lender, etc., they might be willing to negotiate a settlement amount. Not so with Uncle Sam; he can afford to wait. Every cent will be paid, unless you die.