Aug 13, 2015 @ 05:00 AM
11,148 views
Higher Minimum Wage Is Not Killing Restaurant Jobs
Erik Sherman ,Contributor
The right-leaning
American Enterprise Institute released an analysis of data from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis claiming that the minimum wage increase in Seattle was responsible for a loss of 1,300 restaurant jobs in that area. Unfortunately, the analysis is poor, riddled with problems, and ignores another major metropolitan region in which restaurant jobs
increased in number after a recent hike in the minimum wage — data, again, from the St. Louis Fed.
I suspect that the AEI’s apparently general opposition to minimum wage caused someone’s work to go off the rails. I’ll approach this in three stages:
- show how the analysis of data itself was done poorly;
- look at the other factors hitting the restaurant industry; and
- examine data from the other city, San Francisco, with a different outcome
To start, recognize the concern, at least, that the number of jobs could decrease under a higher minimum wage is potentially valid. It’s basic economics, really. Labor prices go up and, in theory, it might be that companies cut back on help to lower costs or they might even go out of business. That is certainly a possibility when companies have, as part of their business model, a dependence on paying people wage rates too low to reasonably live on.
There is another possibility as well: Higher wages could mean more money to be spent and a better economic climate that allows businesses to expand. Or both could happen, with some companies being crushed by the new conditions while others thrive. If you’re actually interested in income inequality and a sustainable economy for all, lending blind allegiance to some political philosophy or other can be a mistake. You might end up interpreting data to best support your view.
AEI’s poor initial analysis
The St. Louis Fed published data about the number of
all employees at food service and drinking places in Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue. The full data runs from January 1, 1990 to June 1, 2015. AEI specifically looked at January 2002 up to June 2015 combined with the first regional minimum wage increase to $11, a step toward an eventually $15, took effect on April 1, 2015.
The analysis said that the decline started around the first of the year, when the state minimum wage went to $9.47. As the city minimum wage rose to $11, things got worse, with “the 1,300 job loss between January and June is the largest decline over that period since 2009 during the Great Recession.” Furthermore, national restaurant employment supposedly increased by 1.2 percent during the same period. Seattle employment overall increased by 1.2 percent, or 21,800 jobs. Non-Seattle region restaurant employment was up by 3.2 percent, or 2,800 jobs.
It sounds convincing on the surface. But now look at a full chart, from 1990 to June 2015, from the St. Louis Fed:
More >>