Week in Review: Market Analysis
The major market indexes lost ground again on Monday, but a strong showing by leading energy stocks produced a bit of a stealth rally. Volume receded across the board. Monday's decline made it five drops in the past six sessions for the Nasdaq, four out of five for the S&P 500. That stretch includes a distribution day the prior Wednesday, when the broad indexes lost ground in higher volume than in the prior session. Meanwhile, the economy appears headed for a recession, if it isn't in one already. As we enter the thick of first-quarter earnings season, profits are expected to turn lower. Energy costs are through the roof, the housing market remains in rough shape and liquidity is a major problem for everyone from the biggest investment banks to the smallest lenders.
Financial stocks were weaker Monday with Wachovia unexpectedly reporting a first-quarter loss. The bank also plans to cut staff, its dividend and raise $7 billion. These are not the conditions you'd expect to see in a stock market rally. More than three weeks removed from a follow-through day, the market continued to send mixed signals. Still, a few encouraging signs have also emerged. For one thing, the market hasn't shown many signs of heavy professional selling. On Friday the major indexes notched big price losses on a profit warning from General Electric. But volume remained quiet that day, suggesting that big-money investors weren't dumping shares. In the meantime, oil and agriculture stocks have fueled a strong rally in materials. Driven by growing energy demand, a range of related stocks, from drillers to refiners and marketers to oil field-services providers, have delivered impressive breakouts from well-formed bases. Agricultural stocks have experienced similar growth.
For all the strength in those industries, the market had delivered few breakouts from other sectors. Tech stocks have struggled to recapture their lost luster, with 2007 leaders such as Apple and Google languishing well off their old highs. The strongest bull markets typically feature more breadth, with a wider range of industries producing new leadership. On the other hand, some market uptrends do take a little while to kick into gear. When the market followed through on a new rally in March 2003, a few minor rough patches cropped up at first. Breakouts were a bit slow to emerge early on, with a war raging and uncertainty surrounding world events. Eventually conditions improved, though. Stocks took off, launching a strong bull market. Five years later, we're still at war, there's still uncertainty looming, and breakouts have been lacking from nonmaterials sectors.
Stocks got an early boost from the New York Empire State index, which delivered rare good news on the economy. The index, which offers a reading of manufacturing in the New York region, rose to 0.6 in April. That figure smashed economists' estimates of a -17 reading and came in well above the -22.2 number reported last month. Any reading that is positive suggests growth, while a negative reading suggests a slowdown in the sector. Most other recent economic indicators have pointed to a slowdown in the economy.
Inflation also has been a hot-button topic, and that discussion continued Tuesday. The producer price index, a measure of inflation at the wholesale level, jumped 1.1% last month. The result came in well above forecasts for an 0.6% advance and easily topped February's 0.3% rise. The core PPI, which strips out the effects of volatile food and energy prices, rose 0.2%, matching estimates. Core PPI climbed 0.5% last month Of course, stripping out the impact of surging food and energy prices ignores two driving forces in the market right now. May crude vaulted $2.03 to settle at a record $113.79 a barrel Tuesday, after hitting a record $114.08 earlier.
So far, the stock market has delivered a mixed reaction to the twin fears of recession and inflation. On the one hand, we're 3 1/2 weeks past a follow-through by the Dow, and the market remains in an overall uptrend. On the other hand, the major indexes have struggled to make much headway lately. Soaring commodities prices have been a boon to energy and agriculture stocks, though, fueling a number of breakouts and moves to new highs. That trend continued Tuesday.
Bullish earnings news from several big-name companies triggered huge gains on Wall Street on Wednesday, while leading stocks delivered their best performance so far during the new market uptrend. The Nasdaq gapped up at the open and surged 2.8%, closing at its intraday high. The NYSE composite vaulted 2.5%, the S&P 500 2.3% and the Dow industrials 2.1%. The small-cap S&P 600 leapt 3%. Volume swelled 11% on both the Nasdaq and the NYSE compared with Tuesday's levels.
JPMorgan motored ahead 7% in brisk trade. Hurt by turmoil in the mortgage market, the Dow component reported Q1 profit of 68 cents a share, down 49% from a year earlier ââ¬â but 4 cents above estimates. The bank wrote down more than $5 billion in credit losses. CEO Jamie Dimon said the bank has enough liquidity to handle tough market conditions. Intel jumped 6% after it reported strong sales and gave a rosy margin outlook. Late Tuesday, the world's biggest chipmaker said Q1 earnings slipped 7% to 25 cents a share, in line with views. But sales grew 9% to $9.67 billion, above views. Intel also said it expects a gross margin of 56% in the current quarter, above views of 54.9%. It pegged a full-year profit margin of about 57%. Intel's outlook eased fears that the glut in Nand memory chips would hurt earnings. The Philadelphia semiconductor index zoomed 5.5%, marking one of its biggest gains in years and giving the Nasdaq a big boost.
For growth investors, though, the best news came from leading stocks. In the first few weeks after the Dow's March 20 follow-through day, energy and agriculture stocks notched their share of big gains. But few other industries followed suit. The market finally saw some significant breadth on Wednesday. Stocks hailing from a variety of sectors and niches logged breakouts, jumped to new highs or otherwise impressed. That's the way a healthy market should act. Go back to early 2003, late 1998 or other periods and you'll find bull markets that included dozens of powerful breakouts by top-rated stocks of all kinds. Ideally, that's what you'd like to see this time, too. Fertilizer makers soared as China agreed to a big hike in potash prices. Stocks outside the commodities sphere also rallied. The IBD 100 romped 4%, outperforming the broad market and underscoring the strong showing by leading stocks.
Stocks trimmed early losses Thursday, showing resilience by shaking off negative economic news and some mixed earnings reports. The Nasdaq fell as much as 1% intraday. But an afternoon rally left the tech-laden index down 0.4% for the session. The NYSE composite shed 0.3%. The Dow and S&P 500 rallied all the way back into the black, closing just above the break-even point. Volume eased across the board. Trading pulled back 12% on the Nasdaq and 10% on the NYSE compared with Wednesday's totals.
Freddie Mac confirmed it will buy jumbo mortgages from four top lenders ââ¬â Wells Fargo, JPMorgan Chase, Citigroup and Washington Mutual. The government lifted restrictions on jumbo loans earlier this year. Merrill Lynch posted a wider-than-expected loss and announced a round of job cuts. Merrill reported more than $6 billion in write-downs. But Chairman and CEO John Thain reassured investors by saying his firm remains "well-capitalized." The company also said it would slash 4,000 jobs. Shares rallied 4% after a slow start. The market has been searching for signs the liquidity crunch is loosening up. The Freddie Mac news was the latest sign that baby steps are being taken in that direction.
Elsewhere, positive earnings news also pleased investors. IBM rose in more than twice its normal trade. Late Wednesday, the IT, computer hardware and software titan topped earnings views and raised its full-year outlook. A huge market leader in the past, IBM has been eclipsed over the years by newer, faster-growing tech names. But Big Blue has revived its fundamental growth recently, with earnings growth trending higher for five straight quarters. IBM's stock broke out of a long base on Wednesday. After the close, Google joined the party with a strong earnings report of its own. The Internet search and services provider reported a 32% jump in Q1 earnings, easing fears of weakness in the company's online ad business. The stock rocketed 17% in after-hours trading. Google also stoked the broader after-hours market. The Nasdaq 100 rallied 1.3% in late trading.