When I make a trade, I am predicting for positive outcome. I have done much back testing on one minute ES and many other instruments, I got same results as you in the beginning, I didn't break down price enough, first I found best times to trade, volume controls markets and lack of volume is noise, and noise takes one type of pattern and can make it useless. Then I broke down Swings=pivot lows to pivot highs to pivot lows and found that there is an average and have to use variances above and below. SO you have trend and counter-trend. Where each signal falls within a Swing will give different probabilities of success, so I test for Swing ave on each hour, some hours are seldom traded as risk must expand on light volume and targets must get smaller. Eventually I broke down Swings into waves, so I ended up with mountain of stats and by defining signals and backtesting and optimizing smallest changes, get clearer idea of what can be 60% or better pattern, but where the money is in risk management of the patterns as this will even say whether pattern can be taken based on chart patterns to left of now.
I believe HFTs do so well as they know they are like a casino and have the odds on their sides, they know 95% don't have well back tested Trading Plan and often emotions plays on them, They know emotions, signals and where stops are kept from their back testing, lack of volume they see as opportunities, markets goes higher and higher then less volume, BAMM slam it on down after they feed the last to retail going on up.