Quote from nitro:
I recommend these contrasting articles on ID as it related to science, and there are quite a few that are good:
http://www.actionbioscience.org/evolution/nhmag.html
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Some more links for those that want to persue more science and philosophy:
http://www.quantum.bowmain.com/Quantum_Reality.htm
http://www.friesian.com/metaphys.htm
nitro
Your links are especially interesting to me. Thanks for posting them. You also state that you think that ID should be taught along side evolutionary theory.
Since you have apparently read the short debate between the Ev/ID players you obviously have a grasp of the dispute, so I think it's reasonable to ask this question:
What exactly would you teach regarding ID. Both Behe's Irreducible Complexity and Dembski's Specified Complexity theories have been soundly falsified by scientific means, at least to the extent that other scientists have taken the two ID movement proponent's positions based upon their own statements, and shown why those statements are palpably false.
Neither Behe nor Dembski has stated an express theorem or scientific experiment that they claim verifies ID. There is no formula or fitness function from which a particular artifact or organism may be calculated as being more likely a product of design, vis-a-vis a product of evolutionary formation.
For example, an evolutionary biologist can measure the total matching genetic material in an orangutan and a human, and conclude that if more than 98% of that material is identical, that the two creatures share some common heritage. The ID proponent can take the same measurement and state that this means that they were both created by the same designer.
However, the evolutionary biologist does not need to invoke a magical mechanism. Mutation and natural selection is demonstrated scientifically using ordinary mathematical and computer modeling methods, to be able to produce organic life under selective pressure. So, there is no "leap" into the supernatural required to infer the evolutionary connection between the human and the orangutan.
For the ID proponent, no mathematical model is proposed to demonstrate that magic must intrude at orangutan ancestor history point A, in order to create conditions suitable for the instantaneous creation of a divergent human ancestor. The ID proponent's entire argument is that "it just can't be an evolutionary process because I don't want it to be one."
If Mr. Dembski's mathematics could actually be applied such that one, for example, could take a matchbox toy car and a piece of raw iron ore, and then map both of the objects down to their most discrete data points (containing elemental materials and physical placement, etc.), and then when the Dembski formula is applied, the function would spit out a number that says, matchbox toy is the product of 50% more design than is the raw ore, THEN there would be something to discuss in a science class.
But, at the moment, ID is pure philosophy. There is no scientific test of anything available, nor has any been proposed. Michael Behe merely proposes that something that appears to be a "purposeful arrangement of parts," is therefore a product of design. But, he proposes no means of measuring how any particular arrangement of parts is more or less likely designed vs. not designed. He falls back on non science and just says, that it "looks" designed, therefore it must "be" designed.
That is not science -- that's philosophy, because there is no test to be applied to the supposed scientific conclusion that the particular artifact is a "purposeful arrangement of parts."
Furthermore, when I think hard about the universe, I cannot conjure up a single artifact that could "not" be viewed philosophically as a "purposeful arrangement." A hydrogen atom is as likely a product of design as is a Boeing 747, because there is no measuring device available to discriminate between the two objects.
All we have is our "beliefs" and those beliefs, if we are to accept the more theistic available, would hold unequivocally, that both the 747 and the hydrogen atom are absolutely the product of a design and are both a "purposeful arrangement of parts." Furthermore, if we accept the existence of an all powerful creator, then the 747 is actually the creator's arrangement of parts, not the product of human industry, because the creator knows all and directs all and so nothing we do in this universe is not already predetermined in advance. The creator could decide that we need to leave one last rivet off of the fuselage or add one more and we wouldn't know one way or the other, or even if the creator had intervened.
The point is that unless ID proposes a method under which its propositions (or as Z refers to them, "self-evident observations") may be measured, then ID is merely a philosophical muse, incapable of being the subject of any scientific investigation, but certainly capable of philosophic discussion.
Why anyone would want this philosophic discussion to take place in a science classroom, with the particular intent being to expose students to the fact that scientists acknowledge that everything that science has learned about the universe is fundamentally wrong, and that the alternative truth is that a creator did everything and continues to maintain complete control over everything and everyone, is completely beyond my understanding.
Science's purpose is to find natural answers to natural questions, not to find supernatural answers to natural or supernatural questions. Science cannot find natural answers to supernatural questions because finding the answer would make the supernatural natural by definition. So the only proposition left is for science to add finding supernatural answers to natural and supernatural questions.
And, that, EXACT proposition USED to be the means by which a particular branch of SCIENCE operated. That branch of science was (and is) called ALCHEMY, which is the practice of science combined with mysticism. However, alchemy was long ago dismissed as having any use in the process of discovery, precisely because the mystical component operates as a roadblock to scientific investigation. Mysticism permits a supernatural answer to a natural question, and thus forecloses further natural investigation.
In summary, if you want alchemy to be the proper field of study in public schools, then you should come right out and say so. But, you will be announcing that there is no need to discriminate against any non-scientific endeavor (astrology, palmistry, etc.), because without the constraint of the scientific method, all propositions are equally viable.
As Z stated far up in this thread, ID is viable because its results are observable by anyone who looks around. Evidence of design is everywhere and anyone can see it.
Maybe so, but NO ONE can measure it scientifically, because no one has produced any method of discrimination. ID is therefore an all or nothing proposition, you either believe it or you don't, and you cannot use any scientific device to confirm your proposition, because none exists, and none will ever exist. The existence of a scientific tool that would measure design, would instantly expose God as a "natural" actor in the universe, because the most essential aspect of God's existence is the ability to operate outside the constraints of the natural universe so God cannot be measured or verified, because he/she/it can simply change the rules and invalidate the test results.
ID simply does not belong in a science class, because ID is not science -- it is religion.