The combined testimony of the plaintiffsâ expert witnesses presented a formidable obstacle for the defenseâas did the testimony of defense witnesses themselves. Nord and Carpenter were withdrawn without testifying, leaving only Behe, Fuller, and Minnich [41]. Behe and TMLC attorney Robert Muise escorted the judge through a long explanation of irreducible complexity using Beheâs stock example, the bacterial flagellum. During Rothschildâs cross-examination, however, Behe admitted that under his own definition of a scientific theory (which he has conveniently loosened in order to classify ID as science), astrology also qualifies [42]. Most unhelpfully, Fuller had affirmed in his depositionâ under oathâ that ID is creationism. Presented by ACLU attorney Vic Walczak with the relevant statements, he had no choice but to admit this: â[Walczak] And then your answer beginning on Line 24, It [ID] is a kind of creationism, it is a kind of creationism. I didnât read the same passage twice. Itâs actually twice on there. Did I read that accurately? [Fuller] Well, it looks like that is what the sentences say.â [43] Fuller also described his role in the trial as that of an advocate for âdisadvantaged theoriesâ needing an âaffirmative action strategy.â [44] By the time Minnich, the last witness, was asked to offer still more testimony about bacterial flagella, he understood fully the position in which he found himself: âI kind of feel like Zsa Zsaâs fifth husband, you know? . . . I know what to do but I just canât make it exciting. Iâll try.â [45]