but does little to increase the supply of services...
A friend told me that the AMA restricts the number of doctors or at least they did in the past. Not sure if that's true today.
https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/...-doctors-to-increase-current-doctors-salaries
Regardless, even if more doctors were imported, the problem is that it takes a lot of work and risk to become a doctor and practice medicine. Those factors will need to be compensated in order to increase the supply of doctors OR reduce the qualifications and risks associated with being a doctor. There are legal things that could be done to address the second factor.
I'm not exactly sure how... but I'd be willing to bet that with the continued evolution of artificial intelligence, in 10 to 15 years we could (in theory at least) make general practitioners obsolete. Could probably be done now in all reality. In fact I know it could. They don't do much when you think about it. They're just gatekeepers really.
It's being done to some degree. My brother-in-law is a radiologist and they use some AI to detect tumors and unusual patterns from imaging. I think we're a long way from the point where your smart phone replaces your doctor for diagnosis. Even if the smart phone could do the job better, faster, and more accurately, there are invested interests that don't want to lose their market.