Increases in CO2 - Causes Cooling
- Thread starter jem
- Start date
technically this anomoly chart shows the change from the average temp for that year.
this chart presents as an anomoly chart with a least squares regression line.
I am therefore not sure how you are calculating the mean or the change for the mean... but we do see the trend as determined by the least squares technique to be not warming.
this chart presents as an anomoly chart with a least squares regression line.
I am therefore not sure how you are calculating the mean or the change for the mean... but we do see the trend as determined by the least squares technique to be not warming.
Yes, "up to" in certain areas, "including" which means those practices may be of tiny percentages.
Are you starting to understand what a moron and liar you are now?
Are you starting to understand what a moron and liar you are now?
Denial, it's not just a river.
Stupidity and incomprehension runs deep in you. As far as we know this happened 0.0000000001% of the time. Good enough for you just say that a third of scientists lie. Because you are a moron.
The first thing anyone who wishes to do a literature review needs to do is to decide what question they wish to answer. Many people seem to assume that my question was, “What percentage of scientists accept anthropogenic global warming [AGW]?” But that was not my question. Rather it was, “What fraction of peer-reviewed scientific papers reject AGW and what evidence do they present?” In other words, is there a scientific case against anthropogenic global warming? To answer that question, I needed to find peer-reviewed papers about global warming and review them sufficiently to judge whether they rejected anthropogenic global warming, or offered another alternative. One could go to the library and start reading articles, but that way would take a lifetime. Instead, I turned to the online Web of Science, a compendium of the peer-reviewed literature in all subjects. The WoS allows you to search articles by title, topic, author, date, journal, etc. in any combination.
Original Search
To find articles about global warming, one naturally uses the search term “global warming.” Some articles might be under the topic “global climate change,” so I also used that as a search term. This search produced 13,950 articles for the period 1991 through mid-November 2012. This number does not capture every article on global warming, nor every article that rejects AGW, since some might be under other keywords. What it does capture is the number and proportion of articles with topics “global warming” or “global climate change” that reject AGW as I define reject. It turns out to be a very small number and a very small proportion.
[Note: most recently, as explained on the home page, I searched for articles from 2013 with keywords "climate change." See 2013 Update II below.]
Procedures
Search the Web of Science [university access required] as follows:
Step 1
Search with:
Topic = "global climate change" (quotation marks essential)
Publication Year=1991
Document Type=Article
Enhanced Science Index only
On November 10, 2012 this gave 40 results.
Step 2
Repeat this search but substitute Topic="global warming". This gives 131 results.
But some articles will have used both "global warming" and "global climate change" and these must be subtracted otherwise they are counted twice.
Step 3
Search with Topic="global warming" AND Topic=" global climate change" in the second field. Use Publication Year=1991 and add a field for Articles or refine the search for articles only. This gives 11 results.
Therefore the total number of unique records for 1991 is 40 + 131 - 11 = 160
Repeat for each year. Or, an easier way is to do three searches for the entire period, 1991-2012, then combine the searches using the OR operator to remove the double counting. Still another way would be to export the records to Excel, then use Excel to identify and remove duplicates.
Read some combination of titles, abstracts, and entire papers as necessary to judge whether a paper rejects human-caused global warming or professes to have a better explanation of observations.
The Web of Science also lists the number of times each article has been cited, and much more. At the bottom of the search page, you can export the results to an Excel file.
Note that some papers that one might expect to find listed were classified as "Review" or "Editorial Material" by WoS. I did not count those.
Original Search
To find articles about global warming, one naturally uses the search term “global warming.” Some articles might be under the topic “global climate change,” so I also used that as a search term. This search produced 13,950 articles for the period 1991 through mid-November 2012. This number does not capture every article on global warming, nor every article that rejects AGW, since some might be under other keywords. What it does capture is the number and proportion of articles with topics “global warming” or “global climate change” that reject AGW as I define reject. It turns out to be a very small number and a very small proportion.
[Note: most recently, as explained on the home page, I searched for articles from 2013 with keywords "climate change." See 2013 Update II below.]
Procedures
Search the Web of Science [university access required] as follows:
Step 1
Search with:
Topic = "global climate change" (quotation marks essential)
Publication Year=1991
Document Type=Article
Enhanced Science Index only
On November 10, 2012 this gave 40 results.
Step 2
Repeat this search but substitute Topic="global warming". This gives 131 results.
But some articles will have used both "global warming" and "global climate change" and these must be subtracted otherwise they are counted twice.
Step 3
Search with Topic="global warming" AND Topic=" global climate change" in the second field. Use Publication Year=1991 and add a field for Articles or refine the search for articles only. This gives 11 results.
Therefore the total number of unique records for 1991 is 40 + 131 - 11 = 160
Repeat for each year. Or, an easier way is to do three searches for the entire period, 1991-2012, then combine the searches using the OR operator to remove the double counting. Still another way would be to export the records to Excel, then use Excel to identify and remove duplicates.
Read some combination of titles, abstracts, and entire papers as necessary to judge whether a paper rejects human-caused global warming or professes to have a better explanation of observations.
The Web of Science also lists the number of times each article has been cited, and much more. At the bottom of the search page, you can export the results to an Excel file.
Note that some papers that one might expect to find listed were classified as "Review" or "Editorial Material" by WoS. I did not count those.
and .03 percent stated man made co2 causes global warming.
and I read some of them... and they were speculating based on now failed models.
and I read some of them... and they were speculating based on now failed models.