Quote from Mom0/pH0x:
..., stalin killed around a million by most historians estimates,...
I don't think anyone knows for sure, but it's way more than 1 million.
"Soviet Union, Stalin's regime (1924-53): 20,000,000 (deaths)
o Chistyakovoy, V. (Neva, no.10): 20 million killed during the 1930s.
o Dyadkin, I.G. (Demograficheskaya statistika neyestestvennoy smertnosti v SSSR 1918-1956 ): 56 to 62 million "unnatural deaths" for the USSR overall, with 34 to 49 million under Stalin.
o Gold, John.: 50-60 million.
* Davies, Norman (Europe A History, 1998): c. 50 million killed 1924-53, excluding WW2 war losses. This would divide (more or less) into 33M pre-war and 17M after 1939.
* Rummel, 1990: 61,911,000 democides in the USSR 1917-87, of which 51,755,000 occurred during the Stalin years. This divides up into:
o 1923-29: 2,200,000 (plus 1M non-democidal famine deaths)
o 1929-39: 15,785,000 (plus 2M non-democidal famine)
o 1939-45: 18,157,000
o 1946-54: 15,613,000 (plus 333,000 non-democidal famine)
o TOTAL: 51,755,000 democides and 3,333,000 non-demo. famine
* William Cockerham, Health and Social Change in Russia and Eastern Europe: 50M+
* Wallechinsky: 13M (1930-32) + 7M (1934-38)
o Cited by Wallechinsky:
+ Medvedev, Roy (Let History Judge): 40 million.
+ Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr: 60 million.
* MEDIAN: 51 million for the entire Stalin Era; 20M during the 1930s.
# And from the Lower Numbers school:
* Nove, Alec ("Victims of Stalinism: How Many?" in J. Arch Getty (ed.) Stalinist Terror: New Perspectives, 1993): 9,500,000 "surplus deaths" during the 1930s.
* Cited in Nove:
o Maksudov, S. (Poteri naseleniya SSSR, 1989): 9.8 million abnormal deaths between 1926 and 1937.
o Tsaplin, V.V. ("Statistika zherty naseleniya v 30e gody" 1989): 6,600,000 deaths (hunger, camps and prisons) between the 1926 and 1937 censuses.
o Dugin, A. ("Stalinizm: legendy i fakty" 1989): 642,980 counterrevolutionaries shot 1921-53.
o Muskovsky Novosti (4 March 1990): 786,098 state prisoners shot, 1931-53.
* Gordon, A. (What Happened in That Time?, 1989, cited in Adler, N., Victims of Soviet Terror, 1993): 8-9 million during the 1930s.
* Ponton, G. (The Soviet Era, 1994): cites an 1990 article by Milne, et al., that excess deaths 1926-39 were likely 3.5 million and at most 8 million.
* MEDIAN: 8.5 Million during the 1930s."