Motives for the September 11 attacks
Support of Israel by United States[edit]
See also:
Israel–United States relations and
Israel–United States military relations
Further information:
Arab–Israeli conflict and
United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine
In his November 2002 "Letter to America", Bin Laden described the United States' support of Israel as a motivation:
The
expansion of Israel is one of the greatest crimes, and
you are the leaders of its criminals. And of course there is no need to explain and prove the degree of American support for Israel. The
creation of Israel is a crime which must be erased. Each and every person whose hands have become polluted in the contribution towards this crime must pay its price, and pay for it heavily.
[17]
In 2004 and 2010, Bin Laden again repeated the connection between the September 11 attacks and the support of Israel by the United States.
[18][19] Support of Israel was also mentioned before the attack in the 1998
Al-Qaeda fatwa:
[T]he aim [of the United States] is also to serve the Jews' petty state and divert attention from its
occupation of Jerusalem and murder of Muslims there. The best proof of this is their eagerness to destroy
Iraq, the strongest neighboring Arab state, and their endeavor to fragment all the states of the region such as Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Sudan into paper statelets and through their disunion and weakness to guarantee Israel's survival and the continuation of the brutal crusade occupation of the Peninsula.
[6]
Sanctions imposed against Iraq[edit]
See also:
Iraq sanctions
Further information:
Gulf War
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
United Nations Security Council Resolution 661
On 6 August 1990, after the
Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, the UN Security Council adopted
Resolution 661, which imposed
economic sanctions on Iraq, providing for a full
trade embargo, excluding medical supplies, food, and other items of humanitarian necessity (these to be determined by the Security Council sanctions committee). After the end of the Gulf War and after the Iraqi withdrawal from Kuwait, the sanctions were linked to removal of
weapons of mass destruction by
Resolution 687.
[20]
In the
1998 fatwa, Al Qaeda identified the Iraq sanctions as a reason to kill Americans:
despite the great devastation inflicted on the Iraqi people by the crusader-Zionist alliance, and despite the huge number of those killed, which has exceeded 1 million ... despite all this, the Americans are once against trying to repeat the horrific massacres, as though they are not content with the protracted blockade imposed after the ferocious war or the fragmentation and devastation. ... On that basis, and in compliance with Allah's order, we issue the following fatwa to all Muslims: The ruling to kill the Americans and their allies—civilians and military—is an individual duty for every Muslim ...
[21][22]
In the
2004 Osama bin Laden video, Osama calls the sanctions "the greatest mass slaughter of children mankind has ever known".
[23]
Presence of US military in Saudi Arabia[edit]
See also:
Operation Southern Watch
After the 1991
Gulf war, the US maintained a presence of 5,000 troops stationed in Saudi Arabia.
[24] One of the responsibilities of that force was
Operation Southern Watch, which enforced the
no-fly zones over southern Iraq set up after 1991, and the country's oil exports through the shipping lanes of the
Persian Gulf are protected by the
US Fifth Fleet, based in
Bahrain.
Since Saudi Arabia houses the holiest sites in Islam (Mecca and Medina), many Muslims were upset at the permanent military presence. The continued presence of US troops after the Gulf War in Saudi Arabia was one of the stated motivations behind the September 11th attacks[24] and the Khobar Towers bombing. Further, the date chosen for the 1998 United States embassy bombings (August 7) was eight years to the day that American troops were sent to Saudi Arabia.[25] Bin Laden interpreted Muhammad as banning the "permanent presence of infidels in Arabia".[26]
In 1996, Bin Laden issued a fatwa calling for
American troops to get out of
Saudi Arabia. In the 1998 fatwa, Al-Qaeda wrote: "for over seven years the United States has been occupying the lands of Islam in the holiest of places, the Arabian Peninsula, plundering its riches, dictating to its rulers, humiliating its people, terrorizing its neighbors, and turning its bases in the Peninsula into a spearhead through which to fight the neighboring Muslim peoples."
[21] In the December 1999 interview with
Rahimullah Yusufzai, bin Laden said he felt that Americans were "too near to
Mecca" and considered this a provocation to the entire Muslim world.
[27]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motives_for_the_September_11_attacks#Stated_motives
And yes, the reason we care about the ME is largely about the oil supply.