Just wanted to add a bit to this explanation of hedge fund fee structures.
Almost all funds have a feature called a watermark. This is so that they will have to recover losses and then go above them before they can earn a share of the profits.
For example if a fund loses 20% and next year makes 20% they probably will not earn any performance fee. This is a very investor friendly feature because theoretically a hedge fund can just see-saw from positive to negative really going nowhere in the long run, but chew through capital by earning performance returns.
This feature was widely cited for Julian Robertson's decision to retire. As you can imagine a 50% or even a 40% decrease is a daunting challenge.
It means that the fund will have to earn 75% - 100% (appx) before they will see one red cent of performance fees.
Many funds choose to close up rather than spend and spend in the hopes of one day reaching over the cliff they fell off.
This is yet another concept that anyone planning on opening a hedge fund should understand and accept.
Also.....many hedge funds have hurdle rates. Sometimes arbitrary (say 10% p.a.) and sometimes set at LIBOR + x%. As the name implies it means that the management would have to generate at least this amount before they earn any performance fee. Usually it is there to prevent investors from taking on massive risk, only to be given paltry returns, which are then shared with management of the fund because of the performance fee.