Hi SimpleMeLike,
Great question !
In my opinion an edge is found when we have a positive expectation. It’s tough to say because we can’t be sure about our little calculus as it’s always a tentative approximation of the reality.
But with experience, trials and errors, our little calculus becomes more and more accurate.
Backward testing is fine to raise theory or hypothesis but the real test is forward.
Then we have to adapt, learn and evolve alongside the incoming iterations.
So we never know, but as long as our theory isn’t violated by reality then we might be onto something. What’s the refutation’s point ?
That’s the fake coin problem. As per our experience we know the probability is 1/2 tail or head. We might not know in advance and how many tosses does it take to say this coin isn’t actually fair ? That we don’t have an edge ?
Guess it’s better to observe, gather just enough information then adopt a strategy.
For me an edge in the market is simply 1. a good entry 2. a bias in the underlying
A good entry because you can be wrong on the direction and make money. A bias because it puts the odds in your favor over time.
If we catch trends, we make more money and more often.
I am not a quant guy.
Just another simple guy.