As those who trade ES Futures have commented, ES tends to lead and everything follows.
It doesn't make sense, and at best you can call it a workable theory, but it seems to hold true as500 companies all moving around should make SPY pretty much a random mess; but it isn't.
Many underestimate and maybe misunderstand how the algo trading by the big boys moves the price action (PA) around. There will always be a divide on those that think the PA is from buying, selling, and market forces, but the more you study the charts it appears not to be the case in the direct movement; just overall trends.
Someone previously linked an old article on 'laddering' which gave the game away that the MM algos both buy and sell to move the PA around. I have invested a lot of time drawing lines on charts and there are targets, pathways and ranges created. It is also interesting when those are abandoned such as when Trump was on Twitter.
I can't quite work out the details of why but the how is a complex web of potential paths...........