Well when markets went electronic it leveled moret the playing field for the retail trader but it also opened the doors wide open for spoofing in massive ways and not just the little games of it that were played before it became known as spoofing. It still was spoofing but on a much smaller scale.
And this is why I tell people that ‘market footprint’ and other kinds of DOM analytics are worse than worthless - they’re quite misleading IMO. Big Commercials have very sophisticated Iceberg Order tools to hide their tracks. And the gamesmanship by spec traders is rampant - spoofing, order crossing, flipping, quote stuffing... it’s a long list.