These papers discuss the reduction in latency:
https://www.laserfocusworld.com/fib...wcore-optical-fibers-may-have-a-bright-future
Nested antiresonant nodeless hollow core fiber:
https://www.osapublishing.org/Direc...2-20-23807.pdf?da=1&id=301570&seq=0&mobile=no
In particular:
Instead of aiming at the usual goal of highest possible bandwidth, OFS optimized their demonstration for applications such as high-frequency trading willing to pay a steep premium for low latency. Microseconds mean money in that market, and hollow-core fiber cuts 1.54 µs/km of distance. Low latency matters more than high data volume, so OFS transmitted nonreturn signals at 10 Gbit/s on 33 DWDM channels through 3.1 km of cabled hollow-core fiber to a direct-detection receiver. Forward error correction and digital signal processing would have allowed coherent transmission at much higher data rates, but would have added 5.6 to 9 µs in latency. Zhu reported the low-speed transmission kept bit error rates below 10-15.