I follow the theory of behavioral finance.
Traders suffer from self-overestimation and are often not inclined to learn from their mistakes. As a result of their overconfidence, traders appear to act more often (with higher transaction costs as a result) and are timing the market often wrong. An important tip to get better results is to "have enough patience".
Financial cognitive dissonance refers to the concept of cognitive dissonance in a financial framework. During the so-called internet bubble, at the beginning of this century, investors justified the purchase of internet investment funds - which was not rational from a rational point of view - by pointing to the widespread feeling that a new economy was emerging with new rules. Herd behavior plays an important role here: if everyone around you is convinced of something, you have to be strong in your shoes to stick to a different opinion. Watch also the Bitcoin bubble end 2017 and the insane prices at which traders were buying.
Regret theory. The regret theory assumes, on the one hand, that people can experience regret as a result of a bad decision, but on the other hand, when people make their choices, they anticipate this regret and thereby try to minimize it. The theory of regret explains the emotional reaction of people when they have made a wrong decision. Traders are often stuck to the price at which they have bought and they have a lot of trouble selling if it is below the purchase price. After all, they would sell at a loss and they do not like doing that because they have to admit their wrong decision. Therefore, they would rather try to recover part of that loss first. This often ends in an even bigger loss.
The probability theory deals with estimating opportunities and risks. For example, people are not good at analyzing complex situations and especially not when the future consequences are uncertain. One of the consequences is that people often tend to overestimate small probabilities and underestimate big probabilities. Translated to traders, this means that when traders are faced with a chance of loss, they often overestimate this risk and therefore choose a less favorable solution.
Traders start to behave risk-avoiding resulting in not making a good return calculation and therefore choosing the wrong investment more often.