I think you are confusing construction companies (whos business is to build) with residential real estate companies. To give you a counter-example, NYC and London are full of tenements of various degree of luxury, for example, and those places are wildly profitable. Rental holdings are pretty profitable, especially the ones geared toward lower tiers of society - I have an investment in a trailer park that has been yielding roughly 12.5% for the past 11 years.
On the other hand, a condo owner in NYC, while not achieving economy of scale, on average gets a rental yield of 2.5% on his property after maintenance and taxes (RE tax deduction not included). Even assuming zero appreciation, it's still better then TIPS.
Are you taking RE as total return or price return (which is what you usually see)? Cause real estate also pays "dividend" which is also known as "rent" which most studies ignore. However, real estate should be more properly compared to some sort of inflation protected bonds and it tends to do better (while showing a comparable degree of volatility).
Finally, don't forget, that, as assets go, it's one of the few assets that can survive an economic meltdown to some degree. Pretty much every country (even the US, though it was a technical default on the war bonds) have defaulted on their debt in the past 200 years. Pretty much every country has experienced massive equity meltdowns in the same period, in some cases with no recovery of the original index. Yet real estate owners in those countries have done OK in the long run.
PPS. I have plenty of friends that rent, plenty that own. Also, have a few that own a place, rent it out and renting one themselves. The economics of rent vs own are so complex that it would take a separate thread and probably will be different for each country.