Surely not everyone in California earns a 6-figure income, yet those people find a way to live comfortably.
California is a big state. NY is a big state. However, if you job is located in a high cost area, let's say midtown Manhattan, your choices are pretty limited and the definition of "comfortable" is relative. I don't know about the guy in subject, but I can take my example since my base is very similar. For starters, out of my 150k base I get to keep about 7.5k a month after taxes (federal plus state plus city, my marginal tax rate is over 50% actually).
I work long hours and my job requires concentration, so I can't afford a lengthy commute that would cut into work or into sleep. So I bought an apartment in Manhattan. I bought my place cheap in 2008, but these days, a reasonable 1-bedroom costs a buck, a two-bedroom from 1.5. My HOA charges are 1.5k a month, my real estate taxes are 11k a year. That's actually not that bad, as these things go. Renting a place like that would be five grand a month, plus you have to pay a real estate agent to rent the place (two monthly rents is a standard fee) and constantly run the risk of having them hike the rent in your face. My parking spot is 500/month.
Once you own, you are local, so you end up paying crazy mark-up for everything, because the supermarkets are paying crazy for real estate. Eggs at a supermarket? From $5 a dozen unless there is a sale. Wanna get lunch while at work in mid-town? From $12, but most probably $15 and we not even talking anything good.
There is also "perceived wealth" - everyone thinks that since I am living here I must be loaded to the gills. Every service I might need - plumbers, contractors etc they all think "well, this guy can afford it". I had a plumber who wanted to charge me 500 dollars to open a stuck valve on my patio.
I am not saying that I am poor, but I certainly don't feel rich given my lifestyle. This is despite the fact that my base salary would be considered great income in many parts of the country.