1) Yes, the limits keep you with the higher TF bias, therefore increases your probability.
2) To start you can use any 3 TF frameworks. The concept is what you want to focus upon, not the exact TFs.
If weekly trades -> H12, H8, H4
If daily trades -> H1, m30, m15
or
D1, H4, m30, then drill down into m5-m1 looking for tighter entries.
Again it's the concept, not a rigid framework.
One can drill down to sub-minute is you are that ADHD.
3) If you are trading HTFs, then monthly charts should be included. Focus on where the PWL/PWH's and PDL/PDH's are and annotate these levels on your chart. Also including the significant TF open. eg. To form my weekly bias, I'd look at Daily's, their relevant levels and the open of the previous week and the upcoming week.
4) Depends on your skill level. Contra-trend trading is more advanced. If the dominant trend is evident on the weekly as a short, then the contra-trend bullish daily are where to look for short entries. Since you are looking at the weekly, those days that comprise it can be divided into bullish and bearish moves of the weekly candle. Knowing where your weekly open is then gives you an idea of where the daily is seeking liquidity.
What beginners do is neglect the HTF bias, see a bullish day forming, go long on a breakout but book a loss when the trade goes against them as the market has a continuation not a change in HTF bias. The only event where this is not the case is for a reversal. It's true that all reversals can be traced to a 5m bar but it's just not that simplistic.
PA is fractal, so whatever your frame is, it can translate to other frames.