This is still rough thinking but I'll give it a pass for exploring cultural diversity.This is not just Asia but with the entire Eastern region including the Middle East, Eastern Europe and even Africa to some degree. What I am about to say is not prejudicial, stereotypical or racist as these are just my personal observation and they are in no way judgemental in that just because they have the traits as what I am about to describe, they are necessarily good or bad. And I understand there are exceptions to the rule always but what I am about to say is what I observe generally.
I find that the people from the "East" tend to embrace order and security more. I don't know if this is due to personality or something else but they seem to naturally prefer rules and norms, something that's reliable and when you have preferences for rules and something reliable, nothing is more reliable than having a strong leader, a father figure watching over you, taking care of you but at the same time telling you what to do. Whereas I find the Western culture is more adventurous, innovative, and constantly seeking out new things, new ways of doing things. And because of these traits, western culture tends to be more explorative, less satisfied with the status quo and in a way more rebellious. And when a culture in general has these traits, they would prefer to be more individualistic and have more say about their lives and with a less preference, relatively (@VicBee's favourite word) speaking, for a strong leader watching over them. Even though in western culture still would like to have a father figure like God in Christianity but this God has evolved to be more for spiritual guidance and moral compass now rather than someone that has a strong hold on their lives and even dictate their everyday lives. I mean how else would you explain it that both cultures started off with dictatorship regimes and yet after just several hundred years, the majority of the countries of Western culture would embrace a democratic system where a leader is chosen collectively by its citizens and the majority of the countries of eastern culture are still stuck with dictatorship regimes? And even for the countries that have a democratic system, their "flavour" of the democratic system like in the country of Singapore is still different from the democratic system of the West. It has a parliament and an election system but everything is still centrally decided by one person or a very small group of people and the treatment of dissidents, of anybody who criticizes the government is still very harsh.
Asian or Western nations are less monolithic than you portray. It's important to recognize that Asian nations are far more populous than we're accustomed to in the west and more homogeneous. They evolved under strict hierarchical structure with everyone competing for dominance over everyone else. Korea, Japan, China and Taiwan are culturally modeled similarly but only China remains undemocratic. Yet, even the democratic nations are corporatist, meaning government and key enterprises are working hand in hand to advance the national interest (including Singapore). It's a form of fascism in sheep clothes. With time, there will be more political diversity to resemble western nations but it will take more generations to evolve from their paternalistic, hierarchical cultural structure to one open to more diversity of thoughts.
The west is more complex because of various influences over centuries that has led to our democracies. Our challenge has been to compose with progressist and conservative values. We tend to think we are immune, but lest we forget, we occasionally revert to dictatorial controls from time to time with appalling consequences.