blnbr,
In the Bull Market
In the Old Days, there were big guy and small guys.
When the big guy accumulated enough shares, he sent out rumour that the stock would rise to attract the small guys. The best rumour was the price tick.
When TA guys saw price rise they began to buy and made the price rise further. The small guys seeing price rise flocked in. Rumour spreaded. Volume rose.
When the price and volume were right for the big guy he sent out news to confirm the rumour. Biggest number of small guys jumped into the boat, unaware that the boat is sinking.
At that moment the big guy unloaded all his shares and never returned to that stock again.
In the Bear Market
The Owners (long term investers) and the Fund Managers (who could not show 100% cash) could do nothing but hold on to their shares.
But only at the time when the shares were counted.
At other times they let the shares float (sink) in the Market.
When the Market conditions were bad they distributed the maximum number of shares they could, planning to get all back at a good low price.
They chose the time when maximum number of shares were dumped or forced sold, i.e., the selling climax.
The maximum number of shares could be sold in the selling climax because there were buyers for those shares.
When those floated (sunk) shares returned to the rightful owners who didn't want to sell in the first place, there were no more shares available in the Market, so the price naturally rose.
Many times the selling climax happened when a bad news was disclosed.
Why this happens again and again?
The game is old but the players are always new
mu.
Edit:
Today the naked short sellers may do the job.