Interesting reading from Barry Ritholtz:
http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/04/great-depression-rallies/
Analysis of "Great Depression" bear market rallies . . .
Richard Russell (Dow Theory Letters): Are we in a bear market rally or a new bull market?
â(1) The market turned up in a V-shaped reversal off the March 9 low. However, almost all bull markets start with a period of accumulation. This entails a sideways move, sometimes taking weeks or even months. Or it may require a non-confirmation of the Averages as per December 1974. At the March low, we saw neither - no indication of accumulation. And that bothers me.
â(2) At the March lows, we did not see the âgreat valuesâ that usually accompany major bear market bottoms (i.e. P/Eâs in the 5-8 area, average dividend yields of 5-6%).
â(3) The market was severely oversold at the March lows, a condition that often sets off a âreliefâ (âlet off the pressureâ) rally. The advance was probably triggered by the severely oversold condition of the market.
â(4) The one thing a money-manager cannot afford to do is be on the sidelines during âwhat could beâ a major rally. Once the market started up from the March 9 low, many money managers leaped in. The big short positions were immediately squeezed. The rise became a momentum advance. Retail buyers moved in, many trying to retrieve some of their brutal losses.
â(5) The rally moved up âtoo fastâ - action more typical of a bear market rally than the slow, plodding rise that is characteristic of the advance in a new bull market.
â(6) Two groups that led the rally were Financials and Consumer Cyclicals. Interestingly, these two groups contained respectively 5 billion and 2.7 billion shares sold short. This suggests strongly that a significant part of the rally was fired up by short-covering in these two groups (thanks Alan Abelson for this information).
â(7) Many investors and analysts turned optimistic after the market had rallied for only a few weeks. At true bear market bottoms, investors remain stubbornly sceptical or bearish for months after the bottom. Remembering 1974, people were actually angry when I turned bullish at the bottom. I was receiving hate letters and subscription cancellations.
âAll of the above have kept me skeptical and cautious about this rally.â
Source: Richard Russell, The Dow Theory Letters, April 20, 2009.