Some of the earth's previous extinction events occurred due to temp changes far more gradual than today's Anthropocene extinction event.
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The
Permian–Triassic (
P–Tr)
extinction event, colloquially known as the
Great Dying or the
Great Permian Extinction,
[2][3] occurred about 252
Ma (million years) ago,
[4] forming the boundary between the
Permian and
Triassic geologic periods, as well as the
Paleozoic and
Mesozoic eras. It is the Earth's most severe known
extinction event, with up to 96% of all
marine species[5][6] and 70% of
terrestrial vertebratespecies becoming
extinct.
[7] It is the only known mass extinction of
insects.
[8][9] Some 57% of all families and 83% of all
genera became extinct. Because so much
biodiversity was lost, the recovery of life on Earth took significantly longer than after any other extinction event,
[5] possibly up to 10 million years.
[10]
There is evidence for between one to three distinct pulses, or phases, of extinction.
[7][11][12][13] There are several proposed mechanisms for the extinctions; the earlier phase was probably due to gradual environmental change, while the latter phase has been argued to be due to a catastrophic event. Suggested mechanisms for the latter include one or more large
bolide impact events, massive
volcanism, coal or gas fires and explosions from the
Siberian Traps,
[14] and a runaway
greenhouse effect triggered by sudden release of
methane from the sea floor due to
methane clathrate dissociation or
methane-producing microbes known as methanogens;
[15] possible contributing gradual changes include sea-level change, increasing
anoxia, increasing
aridity, and a shift in ocean circulation driven by
climate change.
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An atom bomb per second